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arXiv 2109.08690astro-ph.SR
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年轻类太阳恒星V530表面磁性和双折射率的短期变化

Short-term variations of surface magnetism and prominences of the young Sun-like star V530 Per

T. -Q. Cang, P. Petit, J. -F. Donati, C. P. Folsom

摘要:

目的:我们调查的超快速转子($P\sim0.32d$)V530 Per,疏散星团$α$英仙座冷成员的光球和色球层中的磁示踪剂,以表征这个原型的年轻,快速旋转的类太阳恒星的磁活动和大尺度磁场的短期变化。研究方法:利用时间分辨的分光偏振观测资料,通过塞曼-多普勒成像,重建了V530 Per的亮度分布和大尺度磁场几何结构。同时,我们通过纬向差异旋转估计了地表的短期变化。使用相同的数据集,我们还映射了空间分布的质子通过断层扫描的H $α$发射。结果:与我们以前的研究一样,一个大的暗斑占据了V530 Per的极地区域,在低纬度有较小的暗斑和亮点。大尺度磁场主要由环形的、大部分为轴对称的分量控制。最大径向场强等于$\sim1$ kG。表面差异旋转与平滑的类太阳切变d $Ω= 0.053 \pm 0.004$ rad. d $^{-1}$一致,接近太阳切变水平。日珥图案显示出一个稳定的组成部分,被限制在接近共转半径。我们还观察到快速发展的H $α$发射结构,从几分钟到几天的时间尺度。H $α$的快速演化与任何探测到的光斑或磁场覆盖范围的光球变化无关。

英文摘要:

Aims: We investigate magnetic tracers in the photosphere and the chromosphere of the ultra-rapid rotator ($P\sim0.32d$) V530 Per, a cool member of the open cluster $α$ Persei, to characterize the short-term variability of the magnetic activity and large-scale magnetic field of this prototypical young, rapidly rotating solar-like star. Methods: With time-resolved spectropolarimetric observations spread over four close-by nights, we reconstructed the brightness distribution and large-scale magnetic field geometry of V530 Per through Zeeman-Doppler imaging. Simultaneously, we estimated the short-term variability of the surface through latitudinal differential rotation. Using the same data set, we also mapped the spatial distribution of prominences through tomography of H$α$ emission. Results: As in our previous study, a large dark spot occupies the polar region of V530 Per with smaller, dark, and bright spots at lower latitudes. The large-scale magnetic field is dominated by a toroidal, mostly axisymmetric component. The maximal radial field strength is equal to $\sim1$ kG. The surface differential rotation is consistent with a smooth Sun-like shear d$Ω= 0.053 \pm 0.004$ rad.d$^{-1}$, close to the solar shear level. The prominence pattern displays a stable component that is confined close to the corotation radius. We also observe rapidly evolving H$α$ emitting structures, over timescales ranging from minutes to days. The fast H$α$ evolution was not linked to any detected photospheric changes in the spot or magnetic coverage.

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