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arXiv 2205.04419astro-ph.SRcs.DC
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平静太阳磁场和表面重力振荡模的太阳周期变化

Solar-Cycle Variation of quiet-Sun Magnetism and Surface Gravity Oscillation Mode

Maarit J. Korpi-Lagg, Andreas Korpi-Lagg, Nigul Olspert, Hong-Linh Truong

摘要:

平静的太阳磁场的起源仍在争论中。从观测上更详细地调查太阳活动周期变化可以为我们提供解决这些争议的线索。本文研究了磁静区的太阳活动周期变化及其表面重力振荡($f$ -)模积分能量($E_f$)。我们使用了12年的HMI数据,并根据空间和时间的安静程度应用了严格的选择标准,以避免活动区域(AR)的任何影响。我们开发了一个自动化的高通量管道,通过所有可用的磁图数据,并计算$E_f$为选定的安静地区。我们观察到一个明确的太阳周期依赖的磁场强度在最安静的地区包含几个超颗粒细胞。对于补丁尺寸小于超颗粒细胞,没有显着的周期依赖性检测。超颗粒尺度下的$E_f$随时间变化不是恒定的。在第24周期的后期上升阶段(SC24,2011-2012),它大致保持不变,但在2013年开始减少,因为接近SC24的最大值。这一趋势将持续到2017年年中,届时可以看到在南半球高纬度地区加强的迹象。缓慢增强仍在继续,高纬度地区比赤道地区更强,但$E_f$再也没有恢复到2011-2012年的数值。此外,加强的趋势继续过去的太阳活动极小期,当SC25已经明显上升的年份。因此,$E_f$的行为与太阳活动周期不一致。$E_f$与太阳活动周期的总体关系是可以预期的,但几年的相移表明与极向大尺度磁场分量而不是环向分量有关。用QS $E_f$校准AR信号未显示AR出现前$f$模式的显著增强。

英文摘要:

The origin of the quiet Sun magnetism is under debate. Investigating the solar cycle variation observationally in more detail can give us clues about how to resolve the controversies. We investigate the solar cycle variation of the most magnetically quiet regions and their surface gravity oscillation ($f$-) mode integrated energy ($E_f$). We use 12 years of HMI data and apply a stringent selection criteria, based on spatial and temporal quietness, to avoid any influence of active regions (ARs). We develop an automated high-throughput pipeline to go through all available magnetogram data and to compute $E_f$ for the selected quiet regions. We observe a clear solar cycle dependence of the magnetic field strength in the most quiet regions containing several supergranular cells. For patch sizes smaller than a supergranular cell, no significant cycle dependence is detected. The $E_f$ at the supergranular scale is not constant over time. During the late ascending phase of Cycle 24 (SC24, 2011-2012), it is roughly constant, but starts diminishing in 2013, as the maximum of SC24 is approached. This trend continues until mid-2017, when hints of strengthening at higher southern latitudes are seen. Slow strengthening continues, stronger at higher latitudes than at the equatorial regions, but $E_f$ never returns back to the values seen in 2011-2012. Also, the strengthening trend continues past the solar minimum, to the years when SC25 is already clearly ascending. Hence the $E_f$ behavior is not in phase with the solar cycle. The anticorrelation of $E_f$ with the solar cycle in gross terms is expected, but the phase shift of several years indicates a connection to the poloidal large-scale magnetic field component rather than the toroidal one. Calibrating AR signals with the QS $E_f$ does not reveal significant enhancement of the $f$-mode prior to AR emergence.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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