巨大的龙卷风是太阳风暴的腿吗？
Are giant tornadoes the legs of solar prominences?
摘要：
在空间太阳动力学观测台大气成像装置的171 AA通道上进行的观测显示，太阳大气中存在类似龙卷风的特征。这些巨大的龙卷风在更明亮的背景前显得黑暗、细长且明显旋转的结构。这种现象被认为是由贯穿整个大气层的旋转磁场结构产生的。我们通过对空间分布、寿命和大小等属性的统计分析来描述巨型龙卷风的特征。在25天的时间里，总共探测到201个巨大的龙卷风，这表明在接近太阳活动极大期的时候，整个太阳平均会出现30个龙卷风。大多数龙卷风成群出现，似乎形成了龙卷风的腿，因此充当了等离子体源/汇。瑞典1米太阳望远镜的额外Halalpha观测表明，巨大的龙卷风作为一个结构旋转，尽管明显表现出线状结构。我们观察到龙卷风群在相连的日珥爆发之前成长。龙卷风的旋转可能会逐渐扭曲日珥的磁性结构，直到它变得不稳定并爆发。最后，我们探讨了巨型龙卷风与其他现象的潜在关系，这些现象也可能由旋转磁场结构产生。与气旋、磁龙卷风和针状体相比，这些事件越小，数量越多，持续时间越短。这种比较可能有助于构建一个有效的大气加热贡献的空间尺度的函数的幂律。
英文摘要：
Observations in the 171 AA channel of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly of the space-borne Solar Dynamics Observatory show tornadoes-like features in the atmosphere of the Sun. These giant tornadoes appear as dark, elongated and apparently rotating structures in front of a brighter background. This phenomenon is thought to be produced by rotating magnetic field structures that extend throughout the atmosphere. We characterize giant tornadoes through a statistical analysis of properties like spatial distribution, lifetimes, and sizes. A total number of 201 giant tornadoes are detected in a period of 25 days, suggesting that on average about 30 events are present across the whole Sun at a time close to solar maximum. Most tornadoes appear in groups and seem to form the legs of prominences, thus serving as plasma sources/sinks. Additional Halpha observations with the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope imply that giant tornadoes rotate as a structure although clearly exhibiting a thread-like structure. We observe tornado groups that grow prior to the eruption of the connected prominence. The rotation of the tornadoes may progressively twist the magnetic structure of the prominence until it becomes unstable and erupts. Finally, we investigate the potential relation of giant tornadoes to other phenomena, which may also be produced by rotating magnetic field structures. A comparison to cyclones, magnetic tornadoes and spicules implies that such events are more abundant and short-lived the smaller they are. This comparison might help to construct a power law for the effective atmospheric heating contribution as function of spatial scale.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
