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arXiv 2109.01487cond-mat.str-el
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时间反演不变能带结构中费米子混合态的$\mathbb{Z}_2$拓扑不变量

$\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological invariants for mixed states of fermions in time-reversal invariant band structures

Lukas Wawer, Michael Fleischhauer

摘要:

混合态费米子系统的拓扑分类是一个长期的探索。对于高斯态,让人想起非相互作用的幺正费米子,已经取得了一些进展。虽然某些可观测量的拓扑量子化(如霍尔电导率)在混合态中丢失,但存在直接可观测的多体量子化器,它们保留了量子化的性质,并自然地连接到基态中的已知拓扑不变量。对于打破时间反演(TR)对称性的系统,系综几何相位被确定为这样一个可观测的,它可以用来定义一个陈数在$(1+1)$和$2$维。在这里,我们提出了一个相应的$\mathbb{Z}_2$拓扑不变量的TR对称系统。我们表明,这种混合态不变量是相同的,众所周知的$\mathbb{Z}_2$不变量的基态的所谓的虚构的哈密顿量,这只是热态的基态的系统哈密顿量本身。我们说明了我们的研究结果的有限温度状态的典范$\mathbb{Z}_2$拓扑绝缘体,凯恩-梅勒模型。

英文摘要:

The topological classification of fermion systems in mixed states is a long standing quest. For Gaussian states, reminiscent of non-interacting unitary fermions, some progress has been made. While the topological quantization of certain observables such as the Hall conductivity is lost for mixed states, directly observable many-body correlators exist which preserve the quantized nature and naturally connect to known topological invariants in the ground state. For systems which break time-reversal (TR) symmetry, the ensemble geometric phase was identified as such an observable which can be used to define a Chern number in $(1+1)$ and $2$ dimensions. Here we propose a corresponding $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological invariant for systems with TR symmetry. We show that this mixed-state invariant is identical to well-known $\mathbb{Z}_2$ invariants for the ground state of the so-called fictitious Hamiltonian, which for thermal states is just the ground state of the system Hamiltonian itself. We illustrate our findings for finite-temperature states of a paradigmatic $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological insulator, the Kane-Mele model.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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