空间对称系统中方向非线性光电流的相干控制
Coherence Control of Directional Nonlinear Photocurrent in Spatially Symmetric Systems
摘要：
晶体对称性和它的光学响应之间的相互作用是光-物质相互作用和应用的巨大进展的核心。产生电流的非线性光学过程，例如体光伏（BPV）效应，需要反转对称破缺材料，例如铁电体。在目前的工作中，我们证明了这样的BPV电流可以产生在中心对称材料与激发的非平衡相干声子。这与通常研究的静态或热激发态有很大不同。我们表明，依赖于振荡相位因子的相干声子，单向静态电流可以观察到，除了一些太赫兹交流电。我们还将传统的注入电荷电流推广到角动量（自旋和轨道）自由度，并证明了相干声子下的自旋和轨道BPV光电流。我们的发现为探索量子材料中奇异的声子-光子-电子相干相互作用开辟了道路。
英文摘要：
The interplay between crystal symmetry and its optical responses is at the heart of tremendous recent advances in light-matter interactions and applications. Nonlinear optical processes that produce electric currents, for example bulk photovoltaic (BPV) effect, require inversion symmetry broken materials, such as ferroelectrics. In the current work, we demonstrate that such BPV current could be generated in centrosymmetric materials with excitation of out-of-equilibrium coherent phonons. This is much different from the generally studied static or thermally excited states. We show that depending on the oscillating phase factor of the coherent phonon, uni-directional static electric current can be observed, in addition to some terahertz alternating currents. We also generalize the conventional injection charge current into angular momentum (spin and orbital) degrees of freedom, and demonstrate spin and orbital BPV photocurrents under coherent phonons. Our findings open the pathway to exploring the exotic phonon-photon-electron coherent interactions in quantum materials.
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