Thermometric machine for ultraprecise thermometry of low temperatures
Ivan Henao, Karen V. Hovhannisyan, Raam Uzdin
备注:
5 + 7 pages, 5 figures. Introduction edited to make more precise the definition of gapless systems. New analytical result on the heating of the sample. Comments are welcome!
Thermal equilibrium states are exponentially hard to distinguish at very low temperatures, making equilibrium quantum thermometry in this regime a formidable task. We present a thermometric scheme that circumvents this limitation, by using a two-level probe that does not thermalize with the sample whose temperature is measured. This is made possible thanks to a suitable interaction that couples the probe to the sample and to an auxiliary thermal bath known to be at a higher temperature. Provided a reasonable upper bound on the temperature of the sample, the resulting 'thermometric machine' drives the probe towards a steady state whose signal-to-noise ratio can achieve values as high as $\mathcal{O}(1/T)$. We also characterize the transient state of the probe and numerically illustrate an extreme reduction in the number of measurements to attain a given precision, as compared to optimal measurements on a thermalized probe.
International Centre for Theory of Quantum Technologies, University of Gdańsk(格但斯克大学量子技术国际理论中心);Dipartimento di Fisica "Aldo Pontremoli", Università degli Studi di Milano(米兰大学阿尔多·蓬特莫利物理系)
Low-temperature thermometry can be enhanced by strong coupling
我们考虑的问题,估计的温度$ T $的一个非常冷的平衡样品。温度的估计是从测量上进行的量子探针强烈耦合到it. We模型这种情况下,通过诉诸典型的Caldeira-Leggett哈密顿量,并找到解析的确切的定态的探针的任意耦合强度。通常,由于它们的非微扰相互作用,探针与样品不达到热平衡。我们认为这对低温测温是有利的,正如我们在模型中所示:(i)在低$ T $下的温度测量精度可以通过加强探针-采样耦合来显著提高,(ii)我们的布朗温度计的适当正交的方差可以产生具有几乎最小统计不确定性的温度估计,以及(iii)探针-样品耦合的谱密度可以被设计为进一步改善测温性能。这些观测结果可能会在低温下的实际纳米温度测量中找到应用-这一制度与量子技术特别相关。
From spectral structure to sensing limits in quantum thermometry
Abdelmalek Essaadi University(阿卜杜勒马利克·埃萨迪大学);Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia(摩德纳和雷焦艾米利亚大学);CNR-Istituto di Nanoscienze(国家研究委员会纳米科学研究所);Università di Milano(米兰大学)
Relativistic Quantum Thermometry in AdS Spacetime via Non-Markovian Temperature Sensing
Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat(拉巴特穆罕默德五世大学理学院);Centre of Physics and Mathematics, CPM, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat(拉巴特穆罕默德五世大学理学院物理与数学中心)
Quantum thermometric sensing: Local vs. Remote approaches
Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan(拉夫桑詹瓦利·埃·阿斯尔大学);Urmia University(乌尔米耶大学);Qatar Centre for Quantum Computing, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University(哈马德·本·哈利法大学科学与工程学院卡塔尔量子计算中心)
Probing Non-equilibrium baths: Frequency-Resolved Thermometry and Quantum Heat Current Turnover
Institute for Theoretical Physics, Department of Quantum and Classical Dynamics, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz(林茨约翰·开普勒大学理论物理系量子与经典动力学部);Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Helen Diller Quantum Center, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology(以色列理工学院舒利希化学学院及海伦·迪勒量子中心)
Koç University(科奇大学);Politecnico di Bari(巴里理工大学);INFN, Sezione di Bari(意大利国家核物理研究所巴里分部);Universidad Complutense(康普顿斯大学);Max-Planck-Institut für die Physik des Lichts(马克斯·普朗克光科学研究所);Institute for Quantum Studies, Chapman University(查普曼大学量子研究学院);TÜBITAK Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (TBAE)(土耳其科学技术研究委员会基础科学研究院)
Bending the rules of low-temperature thermometry with periodic driving
低温测温的准确性存在严重的限制,这对未来的量子技术应用构成了重大挑战。低温灵敏度可以通过调整探针和样品之间的相互作用来操纵。不幸的是,这些交互的可调性通常非常有限。在这里,我们关注一个更实用的解决方案来提高测温精度-驱动探头。具体来说,我们解决了一个周期性调制的线性探头在平衡样品的极限环。我们处理的探针样品相互作用\textit{exactly},因此,我们的结果是有效的任意低温$ T $和任何频谱密度。我们发现,弱的近共振调制强烈地增强了低温测量的信噪比,同时对样品产生最小的反作用。此外,我们表明,近共振驱动改变了在很宽的温度范围内控制热灵敏度的幂律,从而“弯曲”了基本的精度限制,使更灵敏的低温测温。然后,我们集中在一个具体的例子-杂质测温原子凝聚。我们表明,周期性驱动允许从杂质原子的密度分布得出的亚纳开尔文温度估计的几个数量级的灵敏度提高。因此,我们提供了一个可行的升级,可以很容易地集成到低$T$测温实验。
Nonequilibrium thermometry via an ensemble of initially correlated qubits
Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-INO)(意大利国家光学研究所);Department of Physics and Astronomy, Università di Firenze(佛罗伦萨大学物理与天文学系);European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Università di Firenze(佛罗伦萨大学欧洲非线性光谱学实验室)