发表机构
Koç University; Politecnico di Bari; INFN, Sezione di Bari; Universidad Complutense; Max-Planck-Institut für die Physik des Lichts; Institute for Quantum Studies, Chapman University; TÜBITAK Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (TBAE)（科奇大学; 巴里理工大学; 意大利国家核物理研究所巴里分部; 康普顿斯大学; 马克斯·普朗克光科学研究所; 查普曼大学量子研究学院; 土耳其科学技术研究委员会基础科学研究院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出相干增强的空间量子测温框架，利用探针二能级系统与辅助系统耦合产生的相干性，在低温下实现指数级更高的Fisher信息，并通过微波干涉仪实现实验测量。
AI 中文摘要
量子测温长期以来承诺了超越经典极限的灵敏度，近期的研究范式强调量子相干性作为精度的主要驱动力。虽然大多数研究集中于单点温度估计，我们将这一框架扩展到空间域。我们考虑一个探针二能级系统（TLS）与一个辅助TLS非对称耦合，该辅助TLS与具有轮廓T(x)的样品达到平衡。约化探针态在其局部基中携带相干性，该相干性在探针跃迁冻结后仍对温度敏感，从而在低温下产生比仅基于布居数的读出指数级更大的Fisher信息。一个精确的重参数化将测温精度转化为局部空间可区分性界限；其有效性仅需足够小的相对温度不确定性，并给出明确的测量预算。添加辅助TLS会将阵列的最佳工作温度上移并拓宽有用的传感窗口，可实现的增益最终受限于总可用耦合而非无限标度律。最后，我们提出一种微波马赫-曾德尔干涉仪，将温度依赖的探针相干性映射到实验可访问的正交可观测量上。
英文摘要
Quantum thermometry has long promised sensitivities beyond classical limits, with recent paradigms highlighting quantum coherence as a primary driver of precision. While most studies focus on single-point temperature estimation, we extend this framework to the spatial domain. We consider a probe two-level system (TLS) coupled asymmetrically to an auxiliary TLS that equilibrates with a sample of profile T(x). The reduced probe state carries coherence in its local basis that remains temperature-sensitive after the probe transition has frozen out, yielding a Fisher information exponentially larger at low temperature than that of a population-only readout. An exact reparametrization converts the thermometric precision into a local spatial distinguishability bound; its validity requires only a sufficiently small relative temperature uncertainty and yields an explicit measurement budget. Adding auxiliary TLSs shifts the array's optimal working temperature upward and broadens the useful sensing window, with the achievable gain ultimately limited by the total available coupling rather than by an indefinite scaling law. Finally, we propose a microwave Mach-Zehnder interferometer that maps the temperature-dependent probe coherence onto an experimentally accessible quadrature observable.
Comments14 pages,9 figures; comments are welcome
