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arXiv 2108.08205cs.CV
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卷积神经网络的注意力模型

An Attention Module for Convolutional Neural Networks

Delft University of Technology(代尔夫特理工大学);IBM Research(IBM研究院);Yonsei University(延世大学)

Zhu Baozhou, Peter Hofstee, Jinho Lee, Zaid Al-Ars

摘要:

注意力机制被认为是一种先进的技术,以捕捉远程特征的相互作用,并提高卷积神经网络的表示能力。然而,我们发现目前基于注意激活的模型中存在两个被忽视的问题:注意图的近似问题和注意图容量不足问题。为了同时解决这两个问题,我们首先通过开发一个AW卷积来为卷积神经网络提出一个注意力模块,其中注意力映射的形状与权重而不是激活的形状相匹配。我们提出的注意力模块是对之前基于注意力的方案的补充方法,例如应用注意力机制来探索通道特征和空间特征之间关系的方案。在多个图像分类和目标检测任务数据集上的实验表明了我们提出的注意力模块的有效性。特别是,我们提出的注意力模块在ResNet 101基线上实现了ImageNet分类的1.00% Top-1准确度提高,在ResNet 101-FPN的基础上,在更快的R-CNN基线上实现了COCO目标检测的0.63 COCO风格的平均精度提高。当与以前的基于注意力激活的模型集成时,我们提出的注意力模块可以进一步将ImageNet分类的Top-1准确率提高高达0.57%,并将COCO目标检测的COCO风格平均精度提高高达0.45。代码和预训练模型将公开提供。

英文摘要:

Attention mechanism has been regarded as an advanced technique to capture long-range feature interactions and to boost the representation capability for convolutional neural networks. However, we found two ignored problems in current attentional activations-based models: the approximation problem and the insufficient capacity problem of the attention maps. To solve the two problems together, we initially propose an attention module for convolutional neural networks by developing an AW-convolution, where the shape of attention maps matches that of the weights rather than the activations. Our proposed attention module is a complementary method to previous attention-based schemes, such as those that apply the attention mechanism to explore the relationship between channel-wise and spatial features. Experiments on several datasets for image classification and object detection tasks show the effectiveness of our proposed attention module. In particular, our proposed attention module achieves 1.00% Top-1 accuracy improvement on ImageNet classification over a ResNet101 baseline and 0.63 COCO-style Average Precision improvement on the COCO object detection on top of a Faster R-CNN baseline with the backbone of ResNet101-FPN. When integrating with the previous attentional activations-based models, our proposed attention module can further increase their Top-1 accuracy on ImageNet classification by up to 0.57% and COCO-style Average Precision on the COCO object detection by up to 0.45. Code and pre-trained models will be publicly available.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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