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arXiv 2108.04824astro-ph.HEhep-ex
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关于空气簇射的μ子尺度及其对AGASA资料的应用

On the muon scale of air showers and its application to the AGASA data

Flavia Gesualdi, Hans Dembinski, Kenji Shinozaki, Daniel Supanitsky, Tanguy Pierog, Lorenzo Cazon, Dennis Soldin, Ruben Conceição

摘要:

最近,几个实验报告了一个μ子赤字的空气簇射模拟的数据。这个问题可以研究使用的估计,量化的相对μ介子含量的数据相对于质子和铁蒙特卡罗空气簇射模拟。我们分析两个估计。第一个,基于μ子含量的平均值的对数,是建立从实验的考虑。它非常适合比较不同实验的结果,因为它与检测器分辨率无关。第二个估计是基于μ子含量的对数的平均值,这意味着它取决于湍流到阵雨的波动。它通过Heitler-Matthews模型与平均对数质量$\left \langle \ln A \right \rangle$相关。我们研究了典型试验中已知和未知情况下估计量的性质及其偏差。此外,我们研究了这些影响的μ子密度测量$1000\,$米从簇射轴获得的明野巨型空气簇射阵列(AGASA)。最后,我们报告的相对μ介子含量的AGASA数据,支持μ介子赤字模拟的估计。这些估计构成了在最高能量的空气簇射的μ介子含量的宝贵的额外信息。

英文摘要:

Recently, several experiments reported a muon deficit in air shower simulations with respect to the data. This problem can be studied using an estimator that quantifies the relative muon content of the data with respect to those of proton and iron Monte Carlo air shower simulations. We analyze two estimators. The first one, based on the logarithm of the mean of the muon content, is built from experimental considerations. It is ideal for comparing results from different experiments as it is independent of the detector resolution. The second estimator is based on the mean of the logarithm of the muon content, which implies that it depends on shower-to-shower fluctuations. It is linked to the mean-logarithmic mass $\left \langle \ln A \right \rangle$ through the Heitler-Matthews model. We study the properties of the estimators and their biases considering the knowns and unknowns of typical experiments. Furthermore, we study these effects in measurements of the muon density at $1000\,$m from the shower axis obtained by the Akeno Giant Air Shower Array (AGASA). Finally, we report the estimates of the relative muon content of the AGASA data, which support a muon deficit in simulations. These estimates constitute valuable additional information of the muon content of air showers at the highest energies.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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