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arXiv 2406.08620astro-ph.HE
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不同深度μ子耗损空气簇射中超高能质子-空气相互作用

Proton-air interactions at ultra-high energies in muon-depleted air showers with different depths

Lorenzo Cazon, Ruben Conceição, Miguel Alexandre Martins, Felix Riehn

AI总结:

本文研究超高能质子-空气相互作用中中性π介子能谱硬度,发现参数Λ_μ随簇射极大深度X_max演化,并证明当前探测器可达到区分强子相互作用模型所需的统计精度。

摘要:

在高于10^18 eV的超高能质子-空气相互作用中产生的中性π介子能谱的硬度,受到μ子耗损广延空气簇射中簇射间μ子数分布的陡峭程度的约束。在本工作中,我们发现这一由参数Λ_μ量化的陡峭程度随簇射极大深度X_max演化:对于浅簇射,它呈现一个普适值;而对于深簇射,则表现出对高能强子相互作用模型的增强依赖性。我们表明,X_max探测的是首次相互作用的所谓强子活动性,从而能够直接获取首次相互作用运动学相空间不同区域的中性π介子能谱。我们验证了在现实的质量成分预期下,对Λ_μ进行无偏测量是可行的。最后,我们推断,鉴于当前广延空气簇射探测器的分辨率和曝光量,区分不同强子相互作用模型所需的Λ_μ统计精度是可以达到的。

英文摘要:

The hardness of the energy spectrum of neutral pions produced in proton-air interactions at ultra-high energies, above $10^{18}$ eV, is constrained by the steepness of the shower-to-shower distribution of the number of muons in muon-depleted extensive air showers. In this work, we find that this steepness, quantified by the parameter $Λ_μ$, evolves with the depth of the shower maximum, $X_{\max}$, assuming a universal value for shallow showers and an enhanced dependence on the high-energy hadronic interaction model for deep showers. We show that Xmax probes the so-called hadronic activity of the first interaction, thus allowing direct access to the energy spectrum of neutral pions in different regions of the kinematic phase space of the first interaction. We verify that the unbiased measurement of $Λ_μ$ is possible for realistic mass composition expectations. Finally, we infer that the statistical precision in $Λ_μ$ required to distinguish between hadronic interaction models can be achieved in current extensive air shower detectors, given their resolution and exposure.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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