In dimensions $d \in \{3,4,5,6,7\}$, we prove that the constant functions on the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^{d-1}\subset \mathbb{R}^d$ maximize the weighted adjoint Fourier restriction inequality $$ \left| \int_{\mathbb{R}^d} |\widehat{fσ}(x)|^4\,\big(1 + g(x)\big)\,d x\right|^{1/4} \leq {\bf C} \, \|f\|_{L^2(\mathbb{S}^{d-1})}\,,$$ where $σ$ is the surface measure on $\mathbb{S}^{d-1}$, for a suitable class of bounded perturbations $g:\mathbb{R}^d \to \mathbb{C}$. In such cases we also fully classify the complex-valued maximizers of the inequality. In the unperturbed setting ($g = {\bf 0}$), this was established by Foschi ($d=3$) and by the first and third authors ($d \in \{4,5,6,7\}$) in 2015. Our methods also yield a new sharp adjoint restriction inequality on $\mathbb S^7\subset \mathbb R^8$.
We deal with the restriction phenomenon for the Fourier transform. We prove that each of the restriction conjectures for the sphere, the paraboloid, the elliptic hyperboloid in $\mathbb{R}^n$ implies that for the cone in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$. We also prove a new restriction estimate for any surface in $\mathbb{R}^3$ locally isometric to the plane and of finite type.
We will extend the Fourier restriction inequality for quadratic hypersurfaces obtained by Strichartz. We will consider the case where the hypersurface is a graph of a certain real polynomial which is a sum of one-dimensional monomials. It is essential to examine the decay of a one-dimensional oscillatory
The adjoint Fourier restriction inequality of Tomas and Stein states that the mapping $f\mapsto \widehat{fσ}$ is bounded from $\lt(S^2)$ to $L^4(\reals^3)$. We prove that there exist functions which extremize this inequality, and that any extremizing sequence of nonnegative functions has a subsequence which converges to an extremizer.
We establish the existence of extremizers for a Fourier restriction inequality on planar convex arcs without points with colinear tangents whose curvature satisfies a natural assumption. More generally, we prove that any extremizing sequence of nonnegative functions has a subsequence which converges to an extremizer.
This is a continuation of the paper "Restriction theorem for Fourier-Dunkl transform I: Cone surface, J. Pseudo-Differ. Oper. Appl. 14(1), Paper No. 5 (2023)", where the authors introduced and studied the Fourier-Dunkl transform on $\mathbb{R}^{n}\times\mathbb{R}^{d}$. The main novelty of this paper is that we here prove Strichartz's restriction theorem for the Fourier-Dunkl transform for certain surfaces, namely, paraboloid, sphere, and hyperboloid and its generalisation to the family of orthonormal functions. Finally, as an application of these restriction theorems, we establish versions of …
In this article, we study the problem of obtaining Lebesgue space inequalities for the Fourier restriction operator associated to rectangular pieces of the paraboloid and perturbations thereof. We state a conjecture for the dependence of the operator norms in these inequalities on the sidelengths of the rectangles, prove that this conjecture follows from (a slight reformulation of the) restriction conjecture for elliptic hypersurfaces, and prove that, if valid, the conjecture is essentially sharp. Such questions arise naturally in the study of restriction inequalities for degenerate hypersurfa…
In this paper, we consider a discrete restriction associated with KdV equations. Some new Strichartz estimates are obtained. We also establish the local well-posedness for the periodic generalized Korteweg-de Vries equation with nonlinear term $ F(u)\p_x u$ provided $F\in C^5$ and the initial data $ϕ\in H^s$ with $s>1/2$.
The adjoint Fourier restriction inequality for the sphere $S^2$ states that if $f\in\lt(S^2,σ)$ then $\widehat{fσ}\in L^4(\reals^3)$. We prove that all critical points $f$ of the functional $\norm{\widehat{fσ}}_{L^4}/\norm{f}_{\lt}$ are smooth; that any complex-valued extremizer for the inequality is a nonnegative extremizer multiplied by the character $e^{ix\cdotξ}$ for some $ξ$; and that complex-valued extremizing sequences for the inequality are precompact modulo multiplication by characters.
We explore the connection between $k$-broad Fourier restriction estimates and sharp regularity $L^p-L^q$ local smoothing estimates for the solutions of the wave equation in $\mathbb{R}^{n}\times \mathbb{R}$ for all $n \geq 3$ via a Bourgain--Guth broad-narrow analysis. An interesting feature is that local smoothing estimates for $e^{i t \sqrt{-Δ}}$ are not invariant under Lorentz rescaling.
We show that, possibly after a compactification of spacetime, constant functions are local maximizers of the Tomas-Stein adjoint Fourier restriction inequality for the cone and paraboloid in every dimension, and for the sphere in dimension up to 60. For the cone and paraboloid we work from the PDE framework, which enables the use of the Penrose and the Lens transformations, which map the conjectured optimal functions into constants.
This is the first of two articles in which we prove a sharp $L^p-L^2$ Fourier restriction theorem for a large class of smooth, finite type hypersurfaces in $\Bbb R^3$, which includes in particular all real-analytic hypersurfaces. The present file is a modified and extended version of an earlier file of the same title. Some changes and corrections had become necessary, in order to make sure that Part II is really compatible with Part I, and it is recommended to replace the earlier version of Part I by the new one.
We give an abstract argument that an a priori Fourier restriction estimate for a certain choice of exponents automatically implies maximal and variational Fourier restriction estimates. These, in turn, provide pointwise and quantitative interpretations of restriction of the Fourier transform to the hypersurface in question.
For cylindrically symmetric functions dyadically supported on the paraboloid, we obtain a family of sharp linear and bilinear adjoint restriction estimates. As corollaries, we first extend the ranges of exponents for the classical \textit{linear or bilinear adjoint restriction conjectures} for such functions and verify the \textit{linear adjoint restriction conjecture} for the paraboloid. We also interpret the restriction estimates in terms of solutions to the Schrödinger equation and establish the analogous results when the paraboloid is replaced by the lower third of the sphere.
Using a bilinear restriction theorem of Lee and a bilinear-to-linear argument of Stovall, we obtain the conjectured range of Fourier restriction estimates for a conical hypersurface in $\mathbb{R}^4$ with hyperbolic cross sections.
Recently Wolff obtained a nearly sharp $L^2$ bilinear restriction theorem for bounded subsets of the cone in general dimension. We obtain the endpoint of Wolff's estimate and generalize to the case when one of the subsets is large. As a consequence, we are able to deduce some nearly-sharp $L^p$ null form estimates.
It is considered Fourier transform of convex analytic hypersufaces on $R^{4} $. We prove that the Fourier restriction operator associated to convex analytic hypersufaces is \textit{$(L_{p}, L_{2})$} bounded whenever $1\le p\le \frac{2h+2}{h+2}$. The result is sharp.
An $L^2$ Fourier restriction argument of Bak and Seeger is abstracted to the setting of locally compact abelian groups. This is used to prove new restriction estimates for varieties lying in modules over local fields or rings of integers $\mathbb{Z}/N\mathbb{Z}$.
We prove Fourier restriction estimates to arbitrary compact $C^{N}$ curves for any $N > d$ in the (sharp) Drury range, using a power of the affine arclength measure as a mitigating factor. In particular, we make no nondegeneracy assumption on the curve.
We construct a function that lies in $L^p(\mathbb{R}^d)$ for every $p \in (1,\infty]$ and whose Fourier transform has no Lebesgue points in a Cantor set of full Hausdorff dimension. We apply Kovač's maximal restriction principle to show that the same full-dimensional set is avoided by any Borel measure satisfying a nontrivial Fourier restriction theorem. As a consequence of a near-optimal fractal restriction theorem of Łaba and Wang, we hence prove a lack of valid relations between the Hausdorff dimension of a set and the range of possible Fourier restriction exponents for measures supported i…
We present a restriction theorem for the Fourier transform to a 2-dimensional conical surface of finite type, obtaining a sharp result, which improves previous work by Barcelo.
We use a restriction theorem for Fourier transforms of fractal measures to study projections onto families of planes in R^3 whose normal directions form nondegenerate curves.
We show that if a measure of dimension $s$ on $\mathbb{R}^d$ admits $(p,q)$ Fourier restriction for some endpoint exponents allowed by its dimension, namely $q=\tfrac{s}{d}p'$ for some $p>1$, then it is either absolutely continuous or $1$-purely unrectifiable.
We continue our research on Fourier restriction for hyperbolic surfaces, by studying local perturbations of the hyperbolic paraboloid $z=xy$ which are of the form $z=xy+h(y),$ where $h(y)$ is a smooth function which is flat at the origin. The case of perturbations of finite type had already been handled before, but the flat case imposes several new obstacles. By means of a decomposition into intervals on which $|h'''|$ is of a fixed size $λ,$ we can apply methods devised in preceding papers, but since we loose control on higher order derivatives of $h$ we are forced to rework the bilinear meth…
We prove $L^p \rightarrow L^q$ Fourier restriction estimates for 3-dimensional quadratic surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^5$. Our results are sharp, up to endpoints, for a few classes of surfaces.
We provide a general scheme for proving $L^p$ estimates for certain bilinear Fourier restrictions outside the locally $L^2$ setting. As an application, we show how such estimates follow for the lacunary polygon. In contrast with prior approaches, our argument avoids any use of the Rubio de Francia Littlewood--Paley inequality.
Following the ideas from a paper by the same author, we prove abstract maximal restriction results for the Fourier transform. Our results deal mainly with maximal operators of convolution-type and $r-$average maximal functions. As a by-product of our techniques we obtain spherical maximal restriction estimates, as well as restriction estimates for $2-$average maximal functions, answering thus points left open by V. Kovač and Müller, Ricci and Wright.
This is the second of two articles in which we prove a sharp $L^p-L^2$ Fourier restriction theorem for a large class of smooth, finite type hypersurfaces in R^3, which includes in particular all real-analytic hypersurfaces.
We prove the existence of functions that extremize the endpoint $L^2$ to $L^4$ adjoint Fourier restriction inequality on the one-sheeted hyperboloid in Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^4$ and that, taking symmetries into consideration, any extremizing sequence has a subsequence that converges to an extremizer.
In this article, we prove that all global, nonendpoint Fourier restriction inequalities for the paraboloid in $\mathbb R^{1+d}$ have extremizers and that $L^p$-normalized extremizing sequences are precompact modulo symmetries. This result had previously been established for the case $q=2$. In the range where the boundedness of the restriction operator is still an open question, our result is conditional on improvements toward the restriction conjecture.
We show, using a Knapp-type homogeneity argument, that the $(L^p, L^2)$ restriction theorem implies a growth condition on the hypersurface in question. We further use this result to show that the optimal $(L^p, L^2)$ restriction theorem implies the sharp isotropic decay rate for the Fourier transform of the Lebesgue measure carried by compact convex finite hypersurfaces.
The Fourier restriction phenomenon and the size of Kakeya sets are explored in the setting of the ring of integers modulo $N$ for general $N$ and a striking similarity with the corresponding euclidean problems is observed. One should contrast this with known results in the finite field setting.
We improve the exponent for the discrete Fourier restriction to the $n$ dimensional sphere, from $p=\frac{2(n+1)}{n-3}$ to $p=\frac{2n}{n-3}$, when $n\ge 4$.
We construct Salem sets on the real line with endpoint Fourier decay and near-endpoint regularity properties. This complements a result of Łaba and Pramanik, who obtained near-endpoint Fourier decay and endpoint regularity properties. We then modify the construction to extend a theorem of Hambrook and Łaba to show sharpness of the $L^2$-Fourier restriction estimate by Mockenhaupt and Bak-Seeger, including the case where the Hausdorff and Fourier dimension do not coincide.
It was proved independently by Foschi and Hundertmark, Zharnitsky that Gaussians extremize the adjoint Fourier restriction inequality for L^2 functions on the paraboloid in the two lowest-dimesional cases. Here we prove that Gaussians are critical points for the L^p to L^q adjoint Fourier restriction inequalities if and only if p=2. Also, Gaussians are critial points for the L^2 to L^r_t L^q_x Strichartz inequalities for all admissible pairs (r,q) in (1,infinity)^2.
We prove uniform $L^p \to L^q$ bounds for Fourier restriction to polynomial curves in $\mathbb R^d$ with affine arclength measure, in the conjectured range.
A Fourier restriction estimate is obtained for a broad class of conic surfaces by adding a weight to the usual underlying measure. The new restriction estimate exhibits a certain affine-invariance and implies the sharp $L^p-L^q$ restriction theorem for compact subsets of a type $k$ conical surface, up to an endpoint. Furthermore, the chosen weight is shown to be, in some quantitative sense, optimal. Appended is a discussion of type k conical restriction theorems which addresses some anomalies present in the existing literature.
In this article we revisit some classical conjectures in harmonic analysis in the setting of mixed norm spaces $L^p_{rad} L^2_{ang} (\mathbb{R}^n)$. We produce sharp bounds for the restriction of the Fourier transform to compact hypersurfaces of revolution in the mixed norm setting and study an extension of the disc multiplier. We also present some results for the discrete restriction conjecture and state an intriguing open problem.
We improve the range for the discrete Fourier restriction to the four and five dimensional spheres. We rely on two new ingredients, incidence theory and Siegel's mass formula.
We improve the best known exponent for the restriction conjecture in R^6. Our idea is applicable to any dimension n satisfying n = 0 mod 3, though we do not explicitly calculate the improvement for n > 6. This improves the recent results of Bourgain and Guth.
We show that the restriction and extension operators associated to the moment curve possess extremizers and that $L^p$-normalized extremizing sequences of these operators are precompact modulo symmetries.
This result sharpens the bilinear to linear deduction of Lee and Vargas for extension estimates on the hyperbolic paraboloid in $\mathbb R^3$ to the sharp line, leading to the first scale-invariant restriction estimates, beyond the Stein--Tomas range, for a hypersurface on which the principal curvatures have different signs.
We consider Guth's approach to the Fourier restriction problem via polynomial partitioning. By writing out his induction argument as a recursive algorithm and introducing new geometric information, known as the polynomial Wolff axioms, we obtain improved bounds for the restriction conjecture, particularly in high dimensions. Consequences for the Kakeya conjecture are also considered.
In this article, we define the Fourier-Dunkl transform, which generalizes the Fourier transform. We prove Strichartz's restriction theorem for the Fourier-Dunkl transform for a cone-hyper-surface and its generalisation to the family of orthonormal functions. As an application of this restriction theorem, we derive the Strichartz inequality associated with the square root of Dunkl Laplacian for the family of orthonormal functions.
We prove a maximal restriction inequality for the Fourier transform, providing an answer to a question left open by Müller, Ricci and Wright. Our methods are similar to the ones in their article, with the addition of a suitable trick to help us linearise our maximal function. In the end, we comment on how to use the same trick in combination with Vitturi's approach to obtain a stronger high-dimensional result.
We prove that in dimensions $d \geq 3$, the non-endpoint, Lorentz-invariant $L^2 \to L^p$ adjoint Fourier restriction inequality on the $d$-dimensional hyperboloid $\mathbb{H}^d \subseteq \mathbb{R}^{d+1}$ possesses maximizers. The analogous result had been previously established in dimensions $d=1,2$ using the convolution structure of the inequality at the lower endpoint (an even integer); we obtain the generalization by using tools from bilinear restriction theory.
The problem of $L^p(R^3)\to L^2(S)$ Fourier restriction estimates for smooth hypersurfaces S of finite type in R^3 is by now very well understood for a large class of hypersurfaces, including all analytic ones. In this article, we take up the study of more general $L^p(R^3)\to L^q(S)$ Fourier restriction estimates, by studying a prototypical class of two-dimensional surfaces with strongly varying curvature conditions. Our approach is based on an adaptation of the so-called bilinear method. We discuss several new features arising in the study of this problem.
We prove Fourier restriction estimates by means of the polynomial partitioning method for compact subsets of any sufficiently smooth hyperbolic hypersurface in threedimensional euclidean space. Our approach exploits in a crucial way the underlying hyperbolic geometry, which leads to a novel notion of strong transversality and corresponding "exceptional" sets. For the division of these exceptional sets we make crucial and perhaps surprising use of a lemma on level sets for sufficiently smooth one-variate functions from a previous article of ours.
The purpose of this note is to discuss several results that have been obtained in the last decade in the context of sharp adjoint Fourier restriction/Strichartz inequalities. Rather than aiming at full generality, we focus on several concrete examples of underlying manifolds with large groups of symmetries, which sometimes allows for simple geometric proofs. We mention several open problems along the way, and include an appendix on integration on manifolds using delta calculus.
Consider the group ${\mathbb{R}}^2$ with the discrete topology, and denote its Fourier algebra by $A({\mathbb{R}_{\rm d}^2})$. We reformulate a theorem of V.A. Yudin as a statement about restrictions of functions in $A({\mathbb{R}_{\rm d}^2})$ to the boundary of a strictly convex domain when those functions vanish outside that boundary. We give visual proofs of that statement and a complementary one.
We exhibit the first explicit examples of Salem sets in $\mathbb{Q}_p$ of every dimension $0 < α< 1$ by showing that certain sets of well-approximable $p$-adic numbers are Salem sets. We construct measures supported on these sets that satisfy essentially optimal Fourier decay and upper regularity conditions, and we observe that these conditions imply that the measures satisfy strong Fourier restriction inequalities. We also partially generalize our results to higher dimensions. Our results extend theorems of Kaufman, Papadimitropoulos, and Hambrook from the real to the $p$-adic setting.
