A class of optimal three-weight cyclic codes of dimension 3 over any finite field was presented by Vega [Finite Fields Appl., 42 (2016) 23-38]. Shortly thereafter, Heng and Yue [IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 62(8) (2016) 4501-4513] generalized this result by presenting several classes of cyclic codes with either optimal three weights or a few weights. Here we present a new class of optimal three-weight cyclic codes of length $q+1$ and dimension 3 over any finite field $F_q$, and show that the nonzero weights are $q-1$, $q$, and $q+1$. We then study the dual codes in this new class, and show that they are also optimal cyclic codes of length $q+1$, dimension $q-2$, and minimum Hamming distance $4$. Lastly, as an application of the Krawtchouck polynomials, we obtain the weight distribution of the dual codes.
General isometries of cyclic codes, including multipliers and translations, are introduced; and isometrically self-dual cyclic codes are defined. In terms of Type-I duadic splittings given by multipliers and translations, a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of isometrically self-dual cyclic codes is obtained. A program to construct isometrically self-dual cyclic codes is provided, and illustrated by several examples. In particular, a class of isometrically self-dual MDS cyclic codes, which are alternant codes from a class of generalized Reed-Solomon codes, is presented.
In this paper, a family of cyclic codes over $\mathbb{F}_{p}$ whose duals have five zeros is presented, where $p$ is an odd prime. Furthermore, the weight distributions of these cyclic codes are determined.
As a subclass of linear codes, cyclic codes have applications in consumer electronics, data storage systems, and communication systems as they have efficient encoding and decoding algorithms. In this paper, five families of three-weight ternary cyclic codes whose duals have two zeros are presented. The weight distributions of the five families of cyclic codes are settled. The duals of two families of the cyclic codes are optimal.
We characterize the structure of 2-quasi-cyclic codes over a finite field F by the so-called Goursat Lemma. With the characterization, we exhibit a necessary and sufficient condition for a 2-quasi-cyclic code being a dihedral code. And we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for a self-dual 2-quasi-cyclic code being a dihedral code (if charF = 2), or a consta-dihedral code (if charF odd). As a consequence, any self-dual 2-quasi-cyclic code generated by one element must be (consta-)dihedral. In particular, any self-dual double circulant code must be (consta-)dihedral. Also, we show a nec…
In this paper we introduce self-dual cyclic and quantum codes over Z2^α x (Z2 + uZ2)^β. We determine the conditions for any Z2Z2[u]-cyclic code to be self-dual, that is, C = C^{\perp}. Since the binary image of a self-orthogonal Z2Z2[u]-linear code is also a self-orthogonal binary linear code, we introduce quantum codes over Z2^α x (Z2 + uZ2)^β. Finally, we present some examples of self-dual cyclic and quantum codes that have good parameters.
LCD codes are linear codes that intersect with their dual trivially. Quasi cyclic codes that are LCD are characterized and studied by using their concatenated structure. Some asymptotic results are derived. Hermitian LCD codes are introduced to that end and their cyclic subclass is characterized. Constructions of QCCD codes from codes over larger alphabets are given.
Let $R$ be a finite commutative chain ring with unique maximal ideal $\langle γ\rangle$, and let $n$ be a positive integer coprime with the characteristic of $R/\langle γ\rangle$. In this paper, the algebraic structure of cyclic codes of length $n$ over $R$ is investigated. Some new necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of nontrivial self-dual cyclic codes are provided. An enumeration formula for the self-dual cyclic codes is also studied.
In this paper we obtain a number of [70,35,12] singly even self-dual codes as a quasi-cyclic codes with m=2 (tailbitting convolutional codes). One of them is the first known code with parameters Beta=140 Gamma=0. All codes are not pure double circulant i.e. could not be represented in systematic form.
Cyclic codes are a subclass of linear codes and have applications in consumer electronics, data storage systems, and communication systems as they have efficient encoding and decoding algorithms. In this paper, a family of $p$-ary cyclic codes whose duals have three zeros are proposed. The weight distribution of this family of cyclic codes is determined. It turns out that the proposed cyclic codes have five nonzero weights.
In this paper we give the enumeration formulas for Euclidean self-dual skew-cyclic codes over finite fields when $(n,|θ|)=1$ and for some cases when $(n,|θ|)>1,$ where $n$ is the length of the code and $|θ|$ is the order of automorphism $θ.$
For any positive integers $m$ and $k$, existing literature only determines the number of all Euclidean self-dual cyclic codes of length $2^k$ over the Galois ring ${\rm GR}(4,m)$, such as in [Des. Codes Cryptogr. (2012) 63:105--112]. Using properties for Kronecker products of matrices of a specific type and column vectors of these matrices, we give a simple and efficient method to construct all these self-dual cyclic codes precisely. On this basis, we provide an explicit expression to accurately represent all distinct Euclidean self-dual cyclic codes of length $2^k$ over ${\rm GR}(4,m)$, using…
In this paper we investigate repeated root cyclic and negacyclic codes of length $p^rm$ over $\mathbb{F}_{p^s}$ with $(m,p)=1$. In the case $p$ odd, we give necessary and sufficient conditions on the existence of negacyclic self-dual codes. When $m=2m'$ with $m'$ odd, we characterize the codes in terms of their generator polynomials. This provides simple conditions on the existence of self-dual negacyclic codes, and generalizes the results of Dinh \cite{dinh}. We also answer an open problem concerning the number of self-dual cyclic codes given by Jia et al. \cite{jia}.
In this paper, a family of five-weight reducible cyclic codes is presented. Furthermore, the weight distribution of these cyclic codes is determined, which follows from the determination of value distributions of certain exponential sums.
Recently, there has been intensive research on the weight distributions of cyclic codes. In this paper, we compute the weight distributions of three classes of cyclic codes with Niho exponents. More specifically, we obtain two classes of binary three-weight and four-weight cyclic codes and a class of nonbinary four-weight cyclic codes. The weight distributions follow from the determination of value distributions of certain exponential sums. Several examples are presented to show that some of our codes are optimal and some have the best known parameters.
Cyclic codes have attracted a lot of research interest for decades as they have efficient encoding and decoding algorithms. In this paper, for an odd prime $p$, the weight distributions of two classes of $p$-ary cyclic codes are completely determined. We show that both codes have at most five nonzero weights.
Let $R=\mathbb{F}_{2^{m}}+u\mathbb{F}_{2^{m}}+\cdots+u^{k}\mathbb{F}_{2^{m}}$ , where $\mathbb{F}_{2^{m}}$ is a finite field with $2^{m}$ elements, $m$ is a positive integer, $u$ is an indeterminate with $u^{k+1}=0.$ In this paper, we propose the constructions of two new families of quantum codes obtained from dual-containing cyclic codes of odd length over $R$. A new Gray map over $R$ is defined and a sufficient and necessary condition for the existence of dual-containing cyclic codes over $R$ is given. A new family of $2^{m}$-ary quantum codes is obtained via the Gray map and the Calderbank-…
Cyclic codes with a few weights are very useful in the design of frequency hopping sequences and the development of secret sharing schemes. In this paper, we mainly use Gauss sums to represent the Hamming weights of a general construction of cyclic codes. As applications, we obtain a class of optimal three-weight codes achieving the Griesmer bound, which generalizes a Vega's result in \cite{V1}, and several classes of cyclic codes with only a few weights, which solve the open problem in \cite{V1}.
Let $\mathbb{F}_{2^m}$ be a finite field of cardinality $2^m$ and $s$ a positive integer. Using properties for Kronecker product of matrices and calculation for linear equations over $\mathbb{F}_{2^m}$, an efficient method for the construction of all distinct self-dual cyclic codes with length $2^s$ over the finite chain ring $\mathbb{F}_{2^m}+u\mathbb{F}_{2^m}$ $(u^2=0)$ is provided. On that basis, an explicit representation for every self-dual cyclic code of length $2^s$ over $\mathbb{F}_{2^m}+u\mathbb{F}_{2^m}$ and an exact formula to count the number of all these self-dual cyclic codes are…
Usually, it is difficult to determine the weight distribution of an irreducible cyclic code. In this paper, we discuss the case when an irreducible cyclic code has the maximal number of distinct nonzero weights and give a necessary and sufficient condition. In this case, we also obtain a divisible property for the weight of a codeword. Further, we present a necessary and sufficient condition for an irreducible cyclic code with only one nonzero weight. Finally, we determine the weight distribution of an irreducible cyclic code for some cases.
Irreducible cyclic codes are an interesting type of codes and have applications in space communications. They have been studied for decades and a lot of progress has been made. The objectives of this paper are to survey and extend earlier results on the weight distributions of irreducible cyclic codes, present a divisibility theorem and develop bounds on the weights in irreducible cyclic codes.
Let $\mathbb{F}_{2^m}$ be a finite field of cardinality $2^m$, $R=\mathbb{F}_{2^m}+u\mathbb{F}_{2^m}$ $(u^2=0)$ and $s,n$ be positive integers such that $n$ is odd. In this paper, we give an explicit representation for every self-dual cyclic code over the finite chain ring $R$ of length $2^sn$ and provide a calculation method to obtain all distinct codes. Moreover, we obtain a clear formula to count the number of all these self-dual cyclic codes. As an application, self-dual and $2$-quasi-cyclic codes over $\mathbb{F}_{2^m}$ of length $2^{s+1}n$ can be obtained from self-dual cyclic code over …
Up to a new invariant $μ(b)$, the complete $b$-symbol weight distribution of a particular kind of two-weight irreducible cyclic codes, was recently obtained by Zhu et al. [Des. Codes Cryptogr., 90 (2022) 1113-1125]. The purpose of this paper is to simplify and generalize the results of Zhu et al., and obtain the $b$-symbol weight distributions of all one-weight and two-weight semiprimitive irreducible cyclic codes.
Cyclic codes with two zeros and their dual codes as a practically and theoretically interesting class of linear codes, have been studied for many years. However, the weight distributions of cyclic codes are difficult to determine. From elliptic curves, this paper determines the weight distributions of dual codes of cyclic codes with two zeros for a few more cases.
In this paper, a family of reducible cyclic codes over GF(p) whose duals have four zeros is presented, where p is an odd prime. Furthermore, the weight distribution of these cyclic codes is determined.
Cyclic codes are a subclass of linear codes and have applications in consumer electronics, data storage systems, and communication systems as they have efficient encoding and decoding algorithms. In this paper, a class of three-weight cyclic codes over $\gf(p)$ whose duals have two zeros is presented, where $p$ is an odd prime. The weight distribution of this class of cyclic codes is settled. Some of the cyclic codes are optimal. The duals of a subclass of the cyclic codes are also studied and proved to be optimal.
In this paper, we study the codes over the matrix ring over $\mathbb{Z}_4$, which is perhaps the first time the ring structure $M_2(\mathbb{Z}_4)$ is considered as a code alphabet. This ring is isomorphic to $\mathbb{Z}_4[w]+U\mathbb{Z}_4[w]$, where $w$ is a root of the irreducible polynomial $x^2+x+1 \in \mathbb{Z}_2[x]$ and $U\equiv$ ${11}\choose{11}$. We first discuss the structure of the ring $M_2(\mathbb{Z}_4)$ and then focus on algebraic structure of cyclic codes and self-dual cyclic codes over $M_2(\mathbb{Z}_4)$. We obtain the generators of the cyclic codes and their dual codes. Few ex…
Cyclic codes have been widely used in digital communication systems and consume electronics as they have efficient encoding and decoding algorithms. The weight distribution of cyclic codes has been an important topic of study for many years. It is in general hard to determine the weight distribution of linear codes. In this paper, a class of cyclic codes with any number of zeros are described and their weight distributions are determined.
Cyclic codes have attracted a lot of research interest for decades. In this paper, for an odd prime $p$, we propose a general strategy to compute the complete weight enumerator of cyclic codes via the value distribution of the corresponding exponential sums. As applications of this general strategy, we determine the complete weight enumerator of several $p$-ary cyclic codes and give some examples to illustrate our results.
In this paper, we give conditions for the existence of Hermitian self-dual $Θ-$cyclic and $Θ-$negacyclic codes over the finite chain ring $\mathbb{F}_q+u\mathbb{F}_q$. By defining a Gray map from $R=\mathbb{F}_q+u\mathbb{F}_q$ to $\mathbb{F}_{q}^{2}$, we prove that the Gray images of skew cyclic codes of odd length $n$ over $R$ with even characteristic are equivalent to skew quasi-twisted codes of length $2n$ over $\mathbb{F}_q$ of index $2$. We also extend an algorithm of Boucher and Ulmer \cite{BF3} to construct self-dual skew cyclic codes based on the least common left multiples of non-comm…
Based on cyclic simplex codes, a new construction of a family of 2-generator quasi-cyclic two-weight codes is given. New optimal binary quasi-cyclic [195, 8, 96], [210, 8, 104] and [240, 8, 120] codes, good QC ternary [195, 6, 126], [208, 6, 135], [221, 6, 144] codes are thus obtained. Furthermre, binary quasi-cyclic self-complementary codes are also constructed.
We study the rank weight hierarchy, thus in particular the rank metric, of cyclic codes over the finite field $\mathbb F_{q^m}$, $q$ a prime power, $m \geq 2$. We establish the rank weight hierarchy for $[n,n-1]$ cyclic codes and characterize $[n,k]$ cyclic codes of rank metric 1 when (1) $k=1$, (2) $n$ and $q$ are coprime, and (3) the characteristic $char(\mathbb F_q)$ divides $n$. Finally, for $n$ and $q$ coprime, cyclic codes of minimal $r$-rank are characterized, and a refinement of the Singleton bound for the rank weight is derived.
A class of optimal three-weight cyclic codes of dimension 3 over any finite field was presented by Vega [Finite Fields Appl., 42 (2016) 23-38]. Shortly thereafter, Heng and Yue [IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 62(8) (2016) 4501-4513] generalized this result by presenting several classes of cyclic codes with either optimal three weights or a few weights. On the other hand, a class of optimal five-weight cyclic codes of dimension 4 over a prime field was recently presented by Li, et al. [Adv. Math. Commun., 13(1) (2019) 137-156]. One of the purposes of this work is to present a more general description…
In this paper we extend the works \cite{gegeng2,XLZD} further in two directions and compute the weight distribution of these cyclic codes under more relaxed conditions. It is interesting to note that many cyclic codes in the family are optimal and have only a few non-zero weights. Besides using similar ideas from \cite{gegeng2,XLZD}, we carry out some subtle manipulation of certain exponential sums.
Because of efficient encoding and decoding algorithms, cyclic codes are an important family of linear block codes, and have applications in communica- tion and storage systems. However, their weight distributions are known only for a few cases mainly on the codes with one or two nonzeros. In this paper, the weight distributions of two classes of cyclic codes with three or four nonzeros are determined.
Let $\mathbb{F}_{2^m}$ be a finite field of $2^m$ elements, and $R=\mathbb{F}_{2^m}[u]/\langle u^k\rangle=\mathbb{F}_{2^m}+u\mathbb{F}_{2^m}+\ldots+u^{k-1}\mathbb{F}_{2^m}$ ($u^k=0$) where $k$ is an integer satisfying $k\geq 2$. For any odd positive integer $n$, an explicit representation for every self-dual cyclic code over $R$ of length $2n$ and a mass formula to count the number of these codes are given first. Then a generator matrix is provided for the self-dual and $2$-quasi-cyclic code of length $4n$ over $\mathbb{F}_{2^m}$ derived by every self-dual cyclic code of length $2n$ over $\mat…
Cyclic codes are a subclass of linear codes and have wide applications in consumer electronics, data storage systems, and communication systems due to their efficient encoding and decoding algorithms. Cyclic codes with many zeros and their dual codes have been a subject of study for many years. However, their weight distributions are known only for a very small number of cases. In general the calculation of the weight distribution of cyclic codes is heavily based on the evaluation of some exponential sums over finite fields. Very recently, Li, Hu, Feng and Ge studied a class of $p$-ary cyclic …
Upper and lower bounds on the largest number of weights in a cyclic code of given length, dimension and alphabet are given. An application to irreducible cyclic codes is considered. Sharper upper bounds are given for the special cyclic codes (called here strongly cyclic), {whose nonzero codewords have period equal to the length of the code}. Asymptotics are derived on the function $Γ(k,q),$ {that is defined as} the largest number of nonzero weights a cyclic code of dimension $k$ over $\F_q$ can have, and an algorithm to compute it is sketched. The nonzero weights in some infinite families of R…
Let $p$ be an odd prime number, $\mathbb{F}_{p^m}$ be a finite field of cardinality $p^m$ and $s$ a positive integer. Using some combinatorial identities, we obtain certain properties for Kronecker product of matrices over $\mathbb{F}_p$ with a specific type. On that basis, we give an explicit representation and enumeration for all distinct self-dual cyclic codes of length $p^s$ over the finite chain ring $\mathbb{F}_{p^m}+u\mathbb{F}_{p^m}$ $(u^2=0)$. Moreover, We provide an efficient method to construct every self-dual cyclic code of length $p^s$ over $\mathbb{F}_{p^m}+u\mathbb{F}_{p^m}$ pre…
Cyclic codes are a subclass of linear codes and have applications in consumer electronics, data storage systems, and communication systems as they have efficient encoding and decoding algorithms. Let $m=2\ell+1$ for an integer $\ell\geq 1$ and $π$ be a generator of $\gf(3^m)^*$. In this paper, a class of cyclic codes $\C_{(u,v)}$ over $\gf(3)$ with two nonzeros $π^{u}$ and $π^{v}$ is studied, where $u=(3^m+1)/2$, and $v=2\cdot 3^{\ell}+1$ is the ternary Welch-type exponent. Based on a result on the non-existence of solutions to certain equation over $\gf(3^m)$, the cyclic code $\C_{(u,v)}$ is …
Let $p$ be a prime integer, $n,s\geq 2$ be integers satisfying ${\rm gcd}(p,n)=1$, and denote $R=\mathbb{Z}_{p^s}[v]/\langle v^2-pv\rangle$. Then $R$ is a local non-principal ideal ring of $p^{2s}$ elements. First, the structure of any cyclic code over $R$ of length $n$ and a complete classification of all these codes are presented. Then the cardinality of each code and dual codes of these codes are given. Moreover, self-dual cyclic codes over $R$ of length $n$ are investigated. Finally, we list some optimal $2$-quasi-cyclic self-dual linear codes over $\mathbb{Z}_4$ of length $30$ and extrema…
A Z2-triple cyclic code of block length (r,s,t) is a binary code of length r+s+t such that the code is partitioned into three parts of lengthsr,s andt such that each of the three parts is invariant under the cyclic shifts of the coordinates. Such a code can be viewed as Z2[x]-submodules of Z_2[x]/<x^r-1>xZ_2[x]/<x^s-1>xZ_2[x]/<x^t-1>, in polynomial representation. In this paper, we determine the structure of these codes. We have obtained the form of the generators for such codes. Further, a minimal generating set for such a code is obtained. Also, we study the structure of the duals of these c…
Self-dual cyclic codes form an important class of linear codes. It has been shown that there exists a self-dual cyclic code of length $n$ over a finite field if and only if $n$ and the field characteristic are even. The enumeration of such codes has been given under both the Euclidean and Hermitian products. However, in each case, the formula for self-dual cyclic codes of length $n$ over a finite field contains a characteristic function which is not easily computed. In this paper, we focus on more efficient ways to enumerate self-dual cyclic codes of lengths $2^νp^r$ and $2^νp^rq^s$, where $ν$…
The generalized Hamming weights (GHWs) are fundamental parameters of linear codes. GHWs are of great interest in many applications since they convey detailed information of linear codes. In this paper, we continue the work of [10] to study the GHWs of a family of cyclic codes with arbitrary number of nonzeroes. The weight hierarchy is determined by employing a number-theoretic approach.
Recently, $b$-symbol codes are proposed to protect against $b$-symbol errors in $b$-symbol read channels. It is an interesting subject of study to consider the complete $b$-symbol weight distribution of cyclic codes since $b$-symbol metric is a generalization for Hamming metric. The complete $b$-symbol Hamming weight distribution of irreducible codes is known in only a few cases. In this paper, we give a complete $b$-symbol Hamming weight distribution of a class of irreducible codes with two nonzero $b$-symbol Hamming weights.
In this paper, we study cyclic codes over the Galois ring ${\rm GR}({p^2},s)$. The main result is the characterization and enumeration of Hermitian self-dual cyclic codes of length $p^a$ over ${\rm GR}({p^2},s)$. Combining with some known results and the standard Discrete Fourier Transform decomposition, we arrive at the characterization and enumeration of Euclidean self-dual cyclic codes of any length over ${\rm GR}({p^2},s)$. Some corrections to results on Euclidean self-dual cyclic codes of even length over $\mathbb{Z}_4$ in Discrete Appl. Math. 128, (2003), 27 and Des. Codes Cryptogr. 39, …
Relative generalized Hamming weights (RGHWs) of a linear code respect to a linear subcode determine the security of the linear ramp secret sharing scheme based on the code. They can be used to express the information leakage of the secret when some keepers of shares are corrupted. Cyclic codes are an interesting type of linear codes and have wide applications in communication and storage systems. In this paper, we investigate the RGHWs of cyclic codes with two nonzeros respect to any of its irreducible cyclic subcodes. Applying the method in the paper [arxiv.org/abs/1410.2702], we give two for…
Cyclic and self-dual codes are important classes of codes in coding theory. Jia, Ling and Xing \cite{Jia} as well as Kai and Zhu \cite{Kai} proved that Euclidean self-dual cyclic codes of length $n$ over $\mathbb{F}_q$ exist if and only if $n$ is even and $q=2^r$, where $r$ is any positive integer. For $n$ and $q$ even, there always exists an $[n, \frac{n}{2}]$ self-dual cyclic code with generator polynomial $x^{\frac{n}{2}}+1$ called the \textit{trivial self-dual cyclic code}. In this paper we prove the existence of nontrivial self-dual cyclic codes of length $n=2^ν\cdot \bar{n}$, where $\bar…
In coding theory, a very interesting problem (but at the same time, a very difficult one) is to determine the weight distribution of a given code. This problem is even more interesting for cyclic codes, and this is so, mainly because they possess a rich algebraic structure, which can be utilized in a variety of ways. For example, in Engineering Telecommunications, this structure is commonly employed to design very efficient coding and decoding algorithms. In this note, we are going to use a characterization of all semiprimitive two-weight irreducible cyclic codes over any finite field, recentl…
This paper present the construction cyclic isodual codes over finite fields and finite chain rings. These codes are monomially equivalent to their dual. Conditions are given for the existence of cyclic isodual codes. In addition, the concept of duadic codes over finite fields is extended to finite chain rings. Several constructions of isodual cyclic codes and self-dual codes are given.
Inspired by the Z2Z4-additive codes, linear codes over Z2^r x(Z2+uZ2)^s have been introduced by Aydogdu et al. more recently. Although these family of codes are similar to each other, linear codes over Z2^r x(Z2+uZ2)^s have some advantages compared to Z2Z4-additive codes. A code is called constant weight(one weight) if all the codewords have the same weight. It is well known that constant weight or one weight codes have many important applications. In this paper, we study the structure of one weight Z2Z2[u]-linear and cyclic codes. We classify these type of one weight codes and also give some …
Cyclic codes have efficient encoding and decoding algorithms. The decoding error probability and the undetected error probability are usually bounded by or given from the weight distributions of the codes. Most researches are about the determination of the weight distributions of cyclic codes with few nonzeros, by using quadratic form and exponential sum but limited to low moments. In this paper, we focus on the application of higher moments of the exponential sum to determine the weight distributions of a class of ternary cyclic codes with three nonzeros, combining with not only quadratic for…
