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arXiv 2105.03467astro-ph.HE
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CMB驱动的高z射电星系X射线增亮的证据

Proof of CMB-driven X-ray brightening of high-z radio galaxies

Edmund Hodges-Kluck, Elena Gallo, Gabriele Ghisellini, Francesco Haardt, Jianfeng Wu, Benedetta Ciardi

摘要:

我们提出了一个明确的评估的作用,逆康普顿散射的宇宙微波背景光子(IC/CMB)的背景下,无线电星系。由于CMB辐射能量密度的急剧增加,IC/CMB在射电同步辐射冷却中的重要性随着红移的增加而增加。对于起作用的典型能量,该过程将使CMB光子向上散射到X射线带中,并且因此预期产生射流动力结构的红移依赖的、同时的X射线增亮和射电变暗。在这里,我们展示了如何决定性地证明这种效应取决于高分辨率成像数据,其中扩展的瓣可以从紧凑的热点中区分出来,在紧凑的热点中,同步自康普顿主导X射线发射,而不管红移如何。我们分析了11个1.3<z<4.3的射电星系的Chandra和甚大阵数据,证明了它们的叶辐射与IC/CMB在均分上的预期完全一致。一旦适当地考虑了对尺寸和射电光度的依赖性,所测量的波瓣X射线光度具有CMB种子辐射场所期望的特征(1+z)**4比例。尽管这种效应可以有效地抑制z>3射电星系的(静止坐标系)GHz射电辐射,但IC/CMB本身并不能对高z、射电噪声大的活动星系核的缺陷负责,如果--正如我们所认为的--这样的活动星系核通常具有明亮、紧凑的热点。

英文摘要:

We present a definitive assessment of the role of Inverse Compton scattering of Cosmic Microwave Background photons (IC/CMB) in the context of radio galaxies. Owing to the steep increase of the CMB radiation energy density, IC/CMB is supposed to become progressively more important with respect to radio synchrotron cooling as the redshift increases. For typical energies at play, this process will up-scatter the CMB photons into the X-ray band, and is thus expected to yield a redshift-dependent, concurrent X-ray brightening and radio dimming of the jet-powered structures. Here we show how a conclusive proof of this effect hinges on high-resolution imaging data in which the extended lobes can be distinguished from the compact hot spots where synchrotron-self-Compton dominates the X-ray emission regardless of redshift. We analyze Chandra and Very Large Array data of 11 radio galaxies between 1.3<z<4.3, and demonstrate that the emission from their lobes is fully consistent with the expectations from IC/CMB in equipartition. Once the dependence on size and radio luminosity are properly accounted for, the measured lobe X-ray luminosities bear the characteristic (1+z)**4 proportionality expected of a CMB seed radiation field. Whereas this effect can effectively quench the (rest-frame) GHz radio emission from z>3 radio galaxies below <1 mJy, IC/CMB alone can not be responsible for a deficit in high-z, radio-loud AGN if--as we argue--such AGN typically have bright, compact hot spots.

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