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arXiv 2105.03330q-bio.PEphysics.soc-ph
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COVID-19:从新病例的时间序列中提取有效再生数

COVID-19: The extraction of the effective reproduction number from the time series of new cases

Evangelos Matsinos

摘要:

这项工作涉及五种流行算法的性能,旨在根据新确诊病例的时间序列评估COVID-19疾病的传播动态。该试验基于通过确定性房室流行病学模型\cite{Matsinos2020a}产生的模拟数据,该模型在本文中也适用于包括恢复(或接种)受试者组丧失免疫力的可能性。假设有效再生产数量的简单时间依赖性(就本工作的结论而言,确切的细节无关紧要),在2021年1月1日之前,在近一年的时间域中,生成了五个累计感染数量排名靠前的国家的新病例的时间序列。这些国家是(按感染降序排列):美利坚合众国、印度、巴西、俄罗斯和英国。每个模拟的时间序列的处理导致建立的输入(实际)和重建的值之间的关系,为每个国家和算法,分别;这项工作认为,所有五种算法低估了有效的再生数时,后者超过了$1$的临界值。随后,将这五种算法应用于上述五个国家新发病例的真实时间序列,时间间隔也接近一年;获得了这些国家2020年的有效生殖数的校正值。

英文摘要:

Addressed in this work is the performance of five popular algorithms, which aim at assessing the dissemination dynamics of the COVID-19 disease on the basis of the time series of new confirmed cases. The tests are based on simulated data, generated by means of a deterministic compartmental epidemiological model \cite{Matsinos2020a}, adapted herein to also include the possibility of the loss of immunity by the group of the recovered (or vaccinated) subjects. Assuming a simple temporal dependence of the effective reproduction number (the exact details are of no relevance as far as the conclusions of this work are concerned), time series of new cases were generated in a time domain of nearly one year for the five top-ranking countries in the cumulative number of infections by January 1, 2021. These countries are (in descending order of infections): the United States of America, India, Brazil, Russia, and the United Kingdom. The processing of each simulated time series led to the establishment of relations between the input (actual) and the reconstructed values of the effective reproduction number for each country and algorithm, separately; this work argues that all five algorithms underestimate the effective reproduction number when the latter exceeds the critical value of $1$. The five algorithms were subsequently applied to the real-life time series of new cases for the aforementioned five countries, which also span a temporal interval of nearly one year; corrected values of the effective reproduction number are obtained for these countries in 2020.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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