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arXiv 2104.13383hep-th
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两个引力宇宙之间的纠缠

Entanglement between two gravitating universes

Vijay Balasubramanian, Arjun Kar, Tomonori Ugajin

摘要:

我们研究了两个处于纠缠纯态的不相交宇宙。当只有一个宇宙包含引力时,$n^{\text{th}}$雷尼熵的路径积分包括引力宇宙的$n$副本之间的虫洞,导致纠缠熵的标准“岛公式”与量子信息的幺正性一致。当两个宇宙都包含引力时,对这种配置的引力修正会导致对幺正性的破坏。然而,现在的路径积分是由一个新的虫洞与$2n$边界连接副本的两个宇宙。这一贡献的解析延续涉及商由$\mathbb{Z}_n$副本对称性,使一个圆柱体连接两个宇宙。当纠缠很大时,这种配置有一个有效的描述为“交换虫洞”,一种几何形状,其中两个宇宙的边界被“swaperator”粘在一起。这种描述允许精确计算的广义熵类公式的纠缠熵。计算熵的量子极值表面存在于圆柱体/交换虫洞的洛伦兹延拓上,它在宇宙之间有一个连接的柯西切片--ER=EPR思想的实现。新的虫洞恢复了量子信息的么正性。

英文摘要:

We study two disjoint universes in an entangled pure state. When only one universe contains gravity, the path integral for the $n^{\text{th}}$ Rényi entropy includes a wormhole between the $n$ copies of the gravitating universe, leading to a standard "island formula" for entanglement entropy consistent with unitarity of quantum information. When both universes contain gravity, gravitational corrections to this configuration lead to a violation of unitarity. However, the path integral is now dominated by a novel wormhole with $2n$ boundaries connecting replica copies of both universes. The analytic continuation of this contribution involves a quotient by $\mathbb{Z}_n$ replica symmetry, giving a cylinder connecting the two universes. When entanglement is large, this configuration has an effective description as a "swap wormhole", a geometry in which the boundaries of the two universes are glued together by a "swaperator". This description allows precise computation of a generalized entropy-like formula for entanglement entropy. The quantum extremal surface computing the entropy lives on the Lorentzian continuation of the cylinder/swap wormhole, which has a connected Cauchy slice stretching between the universes -- a realization of the ER=EPR idea. The new wormhole restores unitarity of quantum information.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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