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arXiv 2104.09224cs.CVcs.AIcs.LGcs.RO
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用于端到端自动驾驶的多模态融合Transformer

Multi-Modal Fusion Transformer for End-to-End Autonomous Driving

Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems(马克斯·普朗克智能系统研究所);University of Tübingen(图宾根大学)

Aditya Prakash, Kashyap Chitta, Andreas Geiger

摘要:

如何将互补传感器的表示集成到自动驾驶中?基于几何特征的传感器融合在诸如目标检测和运动预测等感知任务中显示出巨大的前景。然而,对于实际驾驶任务,3D场景的全局上下文是关键,例如交通灯状态的变化可能会影响在几何上远离该交通灯的车辆的行为。因此,单独的几何形状可能不足以有效地融合端到端驾驶模型中的表示。在这项工作中,我们证明了模仿学习政策的基础上现有的传感器融合方法下执行的动态代理和复杂的情况下,需要全局上下文推理,如处理交通迎面而来的多个方向在不受控制的十字路口的存在下。因此,我们提出了transFuser,一种新的多模态融合Transformer,集成图像和激光雷达表示使用注意。我们的实验验证了我们的方法在城市环境中的有效性,涉及复杂的情况下,使用CARLA城市驾驶模拟器。我们的方法实现了最先进的驾驶性能,同时与基于几何的融合相比,减少了76%的碰撞。

英文摘要:

How should representations from complementary sensors be integrated for autonomous driving? Geometry-based sensor fusion has shown great promise for perception tasks such as object detection and motion forecasting. However, for the actual driving task, the global context of the 3D scene is key, e.g. a change in traffic light state can affect the behavior of a vehicle geometrically distant from that traffic light. Geometry alone may therefore be insufficient for effectively fusing representations in end-to-end driving models. In this work, we demonstrate that imitation learning policies based on existing sensor fusion methods under-perform in the presence of a high density of dynamic agents and complex scenarios, which require global contextual reasoning, such as handling traffic oncoming from multiple directions at uncontrolled intersections. Therefore, we propose TransFuser, a novel Multi-Modal Fusion Transformer, to integrate image and LiDAR representations using attention. We experimentally validate the efficacy of our approach in urban settings involving complex scenarios using the CARLA urban driving simulator. Our approach achieves state-of-the-art driving performance while reducing collisions by 76% compared to geometry-based fusion.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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