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arXiv 2104.04772physics.optics
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玻恩近似下的衍射散射

Diffraction as scattering under the Born approximation

Neha Goswami, Gabriel Popescu

摘要:

光在孔径处的衍射是光学中引起极大兴趣的基本问题。一些最重要的衍射结果是菲涅耳-基尔霍夫和瑞利-索末菲公式。这些理论基于使用格林定理求解波动方程,并根据所采用的特定边界条件产生略有不同的表达式。在本文中,我们提出了另一种方法来解决衍射薄屏幕,其中包括孔,光栅,棱镜等,我们表明,应用一阶玻恩近似的二维物体,我们得到了一个一般的衍射公式,没有角近似。我们讨论了几个常见的近似,并把我们的结果在现有的理论的背景下。

英文摘要:

Light diffraction at an aperture is a basic problem that has generated a tremendous amount of interest in optics. Some of the most significant diffraction results are the Fresnel-Kirchhoff and Rayleigh-Sommerfeld formulas. These theories are based on solving the wave equation using Green's theorem and result in slightly different expressions depending on the particular boundary conditions employed. In this paper, we propose another approach for solving the diffraction by a thin screen, which includes apertures, gratings, transparencies etc. We show that, applying the first order Born approximation to 2D objects, we obtain a general diffraction formula, without angular approximations. We discuss several common approximations and place our results in the context of existing theories.

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