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arXiv 2104.02045eess.SYcs.SY
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基于PMU量测的电力系统动态状态估计鲁棒扩展卡尔曼滤波器

A robust extended Kalman filter for power system dynamic state estimation using PMU measurements

Marcos Netto, Junbo Zhao, Lamine Mili

摘要:

本文提出了一种鲁棒扩展卡尔曼滤波器,用于估计多机电力系统同步发电机的转子角和转速。使用批处理模式回归形式,过滤器处理预测的状态向量和PMU测量值,以跟踪系统动态比标准的扩展卡尔曼滤波器更快。我们提出的滤波器是基于一个强大的GM估计,边界的影响,垂直离群值和坏的杠杆点,这是通过投影统计。由于使用了Huber代价函数,在过程和观测噪声的高斯分布假设下实现了良好的统计效率,该代价函数通过迭代重加权最小二乘算法最小化。通过GM-估计器的总影响函数的协方差矩阵导出状态估计误差向量的渐近协方差矩阵。在IEEE 39节点测试系统上进行的仿真表明,该鲁棒扩展卡尔曼滤波器在高斯过程和观测噪声下具有良好的跟踪能力,即使在杠杆作用下也能抑制观测野值。只有在电力系统模型的线性近似有效的情况下,才能获得这些良好的性能。

英文摘要:

This paper develops a robust extended Kalman filter to estimate the rotor angles and the rotor speeds of synchronous generators of a multimachine power system. Using a batch-mode regression form, the filter processes together predicted state vector and PMU measurements to track the system dynamics faster than the standard extended Kalman filter. Our proposed filter is based on a robust GM-estimator that bounds the influence of vertical outliers and bad leverage points, which are identified by means of the projection statistics. Good statistical efficiency under the Gaussian distribution assumption of the process and the observation noise is achieved thanks to the use of the Huber cost function, which is minimized via the iteratively reweighted least squares algorithm. The asymptotic covariance matrix of the state estimation error vector is derived via the covariance matrix of the total influence function of the GM-estimator. Simulations carried out on the IEEE 39-bus test system reveal that our robust extended Kalman filter exhibits good tracking capabilities under Gaussian process and observation noise while suppressing observation outliers, even in position of leverage. These good performances are obtained only under the validity of the linear approximation of the power system model.

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