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arXiv 2607.06830eess.SYcs.SY
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用于卫星跟踪的神经增强微卡尔曼滤波:一项比较研究

Neural-Enhanced Micro-Kalman Filtering for Satellite Tracking: A Comparative Study

Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS)(十月份理工学院)

Moh Kamalul Wafi

AI总结:

研究卫星跟踪中准确状态估计的问题,提出神经增强微卡尔曼滤波方法,通过引入轻量级神经缩放机制在线调整噪声协方差,经数值模拟对比,该方法能准确跟踪卫星状态,兼具计算优势,为卫星状态估计提供有效灵活框架。

摘要:

卫星状态估计在轨道导航、跟踪和自主空间操作中起着基础性作用。由于过程和测量噪声的不确定性,准确估计仍然具有挑战性,这可能会降低传统卡尔曼滤波技术的性能。本文基于信息形式的状态估计框架,提出了一种用于卫星跟踪的神经增强微卡尔曼滤波器($\mu$KF)。从轨道动力学的线性化状态空间模型出发,引入了一种轻量级神经缩放机制,以在线调整过程和测量噪声协方差,同时保留潜在的贝叶斯滤波结构。所提出的估计器在信息形式的$\mu$KF框架内制定,并通过使用线性高斯卫星跟踪模型的数值模拟进行评估。在相同的操作条件下,将其性能与经典卡尔曼滤波器(KF)、扩展卡尔曼滤波器(EKF)、无迹卡尔曼滤波器(UKF)和自适应卡尔曼滤波器进行了比较。仿真结果表明,所提出的神经$\mu$KF能够以始终较低的均方估计误差(MSEE)准确跟踪卫星状态。此外,所提出的方法在保持信息形式公式计算优势的同时,实现了与基线卡尔曼滤波器相当的估计性能,并且对于选定状态略优于基线卡尔曼滤波器。这些结果表明,将轻量级神经协方差自适应集成到$\mu$KF中为卫星状态估计提供了一个有效且灵活的框架。

英文摘要:

Satellite state estimation plays a fundamental role in orbital navigation, tracking, and autonomous space operations. Accurate estimation remains challenging due to uncertainties in process and measurement noise, which may degrade the performance of conventional Kalman filtering techniques. This paper presents a Neural-enhanced micro-Kalman filter ($μ$KF) for satellite tracking based on an information-form state estimation framework. Starting from a linearized state-space model of orbital dynamics, a lightweight neural scaling mechanism is introduced to adapt the process and measurement noise covariances online while preserving the underlying Bayesian filtering structure. The proposed estimator is formulated within the information-form $μ$KF framework and evaluated through numerical simulations using a linear Gaussian satellite tracking model. Its performance is compared with the classical Kalman filter (KF), the extended Kalman filter (EKF), the unscented Kalman filter (UKF), and an adaptive Kalman filter under identical operating conditions. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed Neural-$μ$KF accurately tracks the satellite states with consistently low mean square estimation errors (MSEE). Furthermore, the proposed method achieves estimation performance comparable to, and for selected states slightly better than, the baseline Kalman filter while retaining the computational advantages of the information-form formulation. These results demonstrate that integrating lightweight neural covariance adaptation into the $μ$KF provides an effective and flexible framework for satellite state estimation.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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