卡尔曼滤波器和小波互相关在VHF宽带干涉仪闪电测绘中的应用
Kalman Filter and Wavelet Cross-correlation for VHF Broadband Interferometer Lightning Mapping
摘要：
基于正交交叉基线干涉仪（ITF）技术的闪电测图系统是近年来发展迅速的一种测图系统。针对雷击的时间位置和空间分布，提出了几种处理方法。在本文中，一个单一的甚高频（VHF）干涉仪被用来模拟和增强闪电图。我们进行了比较研究，使用不同的处理技术和程序，以提高定位和闪电VHF辐射映射。基准测试环境涉及使用不同的降噪和互相关方法。此外，插值技术被引入到平滑的相关峰更准确的闪电定位。一个正窄双极事件（NBE）的闪电放电进行了分析，并确认使用模拟和实测闪电信号的映射过程。结果表明，采用小波去噪和小波域互相关（CCWD）方法可以很好地估计闪电辐射源，最小误差为3.46度。在这项研究中进行的调查证实，ITF映射系统可以有效地映射闪电VHF辐射源。
英文摘要：
A lightning mapping system based on perpendicular crossed baseline interferometer (ITF) technology has been developed rapidly in recent years. Several processing methods have been proposed to estimate the temporal location and spatial map of lightning strikes. In this paper, a single very high frequency (VHF) interferometer is used to simulate and augment the lightning maps. We perform a comparative study of using different processing techniques and procedures to enhance the localization and mapping of lightning VHF radiation. The benchmark environment involves the use of different noise reduction and cross-correlation methods. Moreover, interpolation techniques are introduced to smoothen the correlation peaks for more accurate lightning localization. A positive narrow bipolar event (NBE) lightning discharge is analyzed and the mapping procedure is confirmed using both simulated and measured lightning signals. The results indicate that a good estimation of lightning radiation sources is achieved when using wavelet denoising and cross-correlations in wavelet-domain (CCWD) with a minimal error of 3.46 (degrees). The investigations carried out in this study confirm that the ITF mapping system could effectively map the lightning VHF radiation source.
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