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arXiv 2103.15768hep-phhep-lathep-thnucl-th
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质子质量分解与强子宇宙学常数

Proton Mass Decomposition and Hadron Cosmological Constant

Keh-Fei Liu

摘要:

格点结果的西格玛条款和整体分析的部分子动量分数被用来给夸克和胶分数的质子质量和静止能量。用能量动量张量的迹表示的质量分解是重整化群不变的。从哈密顿量和引力形状因子中得到的静止能量的分解是依赖于方案和尺度的。将能量动量张量分离成由夸克和胶部分子动量分数组成的无迹部分和迹部分具有最小的方案依赖性。我们将迹线异常$\langle H_β\rangle $的胶部分识别为来自真空中胶凝物的真空能量。从引力形状因子的度规项,这是应力-能量-动量张量的应力部分,我们发现,由$\langle H_β\rangle$主导的剩余能量的痕量部分,给出了一个{ \it常数}恢复压力,该压力平衡了来自哈密顿量的无痕部分以限制强子,很像爱因斯坦为静态宇宙引入的宇宙学常数。通过对$\langle H_β\rangle$在粲偶素中的晶格计算,我们导出了相应的弦张力,其结果与由符合粲偶素谱的Cornell势得到的弦张力吻合得很好.

英文摘要:

Lattice results on sigma terms and global analysis of parton momentum fractions are used to give the quark and glue fractions of the proton mass and rest energy. The mass decomposition in terms of the trace of the energy-momentum tensor is renormalization group invariant. The decomposition of the rest energy from the Hamiltonian and the gravitational form factors are scheme and scale dependent. The separation of the energy-momentum tensor into the traceless part which is composed of the quark and glue parton momentum fractions and the trace part has the minimum scheme dependence. We identify the glue part of the trace anomaly $\langle H_β\rangle $ as the vacuum energy from the glue condensate in the vacuum. From the metric term of the gravitational form factors, which is the stress part of the stress-energy-momentum tensor, we find that the trace part of the rest energy, dominated by $\langle H_β\rangle$, gives a {\it constant} restoring pressure which balances that from the traceless part of the Hamiltonian to confine the hadron, much like the cosmological constant Einstein introduced for a static universe. From a lattice calculation of $\langle H_β\rangle$ in the charmonium, we deduce the associated string tension which turns out to be in good agreement with that from a Cornell potential which fits the charmonium spectrum.

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