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arXiv 2103.14176astro-ph.GA
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用甚长基线列阵在宽线偏移类星体中寻找双星超大质量黑洞

The Search for Binary Supermassive Black Holes Amongst Quasars with Offset Broad Lines Using the Very Long Baseline Array

Peter Breiding, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Michael Eracleous, Tamara Bogdanović, T. Joseph W. Lazio, Jessie Runnoe, Steinn Sigurdsson

摘要:

在之前的几项研究中,发现了类星体,它们相对于宿主星系静止框架具有大于1000 km/s的速度偏移。对于这些速度偏移宽线的起源,一个主要的假设是双超大质量黑洞(SMBH)的动力学。我们提出了34个类星体的高分辨率无线电成像,显示这些速度偏移宽线与甚长基线阵列(VLBA),旨在寻找证据的推定二进制SMBH(如双无线电核心),并测试竞争的物理模型。在实现5的检测限后,我们从VLBA成像中检测到了目标样品的一半。虽然我们没有解析任何目标中的双射电源,但在假设二元体仍然存在于我们的VLBA角分辨率限制内的情况下,我们获得了所有检测到的源的无线电发射二元体的瞬时投影分离的限制。我们还评估了无线电发射的同伴SMBH存在于我们的角分辨率限制之外的可能性,但它的无线电光度太弱,无法在VLBA数据中产生可检测的信号。此外,我们将这些数据提供的精确天空位置与SDSS和Gaia DR 2源目录的光学位置进行了比较。我们发现,预计无线电/光学分离的顺序为10 pc的三个类星体。最后,我们将探讨未来的多波长运动与光学,无线电和X射线天文台可以帮助进一步区分竞争的物理模型。

英文摘要:

In several previous studies, quasars exhibiting broad emission lines with >1000 km/s velocity offsets with respect to the host galaxy rest frame have been discovered. One leading hypothesis for the origin of these velocity-offset broad lines is the dynamics of a binary supermassive black hole (SMBH). We present high-resolution radio imaging of 34 quasars showing these velocity-offset broad lines with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), aimed at finding evidence for the putative binary SMBHs (such as dual radio cores), and testing the competing physical models. We detect exactly half of the target sample from our VLBA imaging, after implementing a 5 detection limit. While we do not resolve double radio sources in any of the targets, we obtain limits on the instantaneous projected separations of a radio-emitting binary for all of the detected sources under the assumption that a binary still exists within our VLBA angular resolution limits. We also assess the likelihood that a radio-emitting companion SMBH exists outside of our angular resolution limits, but its radio luminosity is too weak to produce a detectable signal in the VLBA data. Additionally, we compare the precise sky positions afforded by these data to optical positions from both the SDSS and Gaia DR2 source catalogs. We find projected radio/optical separations on the order of 10 pc for three quasars. Finally, we explore how future multi-wavelength campaigns with optical, radio, and X-ray observatories can help discriminate further between the competing physical models.

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