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arXiv 2101.07932astro-ph.GA
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J0437 +2456星系中一个不安分的超大质量黑洞

A restless supermassive black hole in the galaxy J0437+2456

Dominic W. Pesce, Anil C. Seth, Jenny E. Greene, James A. Braatz, James J. Condon, Brian R. Kent, Davor Krajnović

摘要:

我们提出了一项观测活动的结果,以确认Pesce等人(2018)首次报道的J 0437 +2456中超大质量黑洞(SMBH)的特殊运动。深观测与阿雷西博天文台产生了检测中性氢(HI)的排放,从我们测量的衰退速度为4910公里秒$^{-1}$的星系作为一个整体。我们还获得了近红外积分场光谱观测的星系核与双子座北望远镜,产生空间分辨恒星和气体运动学的中心速度在最里面的半径($0.1^{\prime \prime} \approx 34$ pc)为4860公里秒$^{-1}$。这两个测量结果显着不同的$\sim$ 4810公里秒$^{-1}$ H $_2$ O超脉泽速度的SMBH,支持先前的迹象之间的速度偏移SMBH和它的宿主星系。然而,这两个测量值也有很大的不同,星系作为一个整体表现出复杂的速度结构,这意味着该系统最近受到了动态干扰。这些结果清楚地表明,相对于星系的系统速度,SMBH并不是静止的,尽管移动SMBH的特殊性质--即,它是否追踪了正在进行的星系合并,一个双黑洞系统,或一个引力波反冲事件-仍然不清楚。

英文摘要:

We present the results from an observing campaign to confirm the peculiar motion of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) in J0437+2456 first reported in Pesce et al. (2018). Deep observations with the Arecibo Observatory have yielded a detection of neutral hydrogen (HI) emission, from which we measure a recession velocity of 4910 km s$^{-1}$ for the galaxy as a whole. We have also obtained near-infrared integral field spectroscopic observations of the galactic nucleus with the Gemini North telescope, yielding spatially resolved stellar and gas kinematics with a central velocity at the innermost radii ($0.1^{\prime \prime} \approx 34$ pc) of 4860 km s$^{-1}$. Both measurements differ significantly from the $\sim$4810 km s$^{-1}$ H$_2$O megamaser velocity of the SMBH, supporting the prior indications of a velocity offset between the SMBH and its host galaxy. However, the two measurements also differ significantly from one another, and the galaxy as a whole exhibits a complex velocity structure that implies the system has recently been dynamically disturbed. These results make it clear that the SMBH is not at rest with respect to the systemic velocity of the galaxy, though the specific nature of the mobile SMBH -- i.e., whether it traces an ongoing galaxy merger, a binary black hole system, or a gravitational wave recoil event -- remains unclear.

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