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arXiv 2103.09122astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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ALMA-IRDC:从云到核尺度的稠密气体质量分布

ALMA-IRDC: Dense gas mass distribution from cloud to core scales

A. T. Barnes, J. D. Henshaw, F. Fontani, J. E. Pineda, G. Cosentino, J. C. Tan, P. Caselli, I. Jiménez-Serra, C. Y. Law, A. Avison, F. Bigiel, S. Feng, S. Kong,… 展开作者

A. T. Barnes, J. D. Henshaw, F. Fontani, J. E. Pineda, G. Cosentino, J. C. Tan, P. Caselli, I. Jiménez-Serra, C. Y. Law, A. Avison, F. Bigiel, S. Feng, S. Kong, S. N. Longmore, L. Moser, R. J. Parker, Á. Sánchez-Monge, K. Wang

摘要:

红外暗云(IRDC)是高质量恒星形成(HMSF)早期阶段的潜在宿主。在这里,我们对10个IRDC样本的碎片特性进行了深入分析,这些IRDC被认为是研究银河系内HMSF的最佳候选者。为了做到这一点,我们已经获得了一组大的马赛克覆盖这些IRDC与ALMA在波段3(或3毫米)。这些观测具有高角分辨率(~ 3角秒或~ 0.05秒差距),以及高连续谱和谱线灵敏度(~ 0.15 mJy/束,N2 H+(1-0)跃迁处每0.1 km/s通道~ 0.2 K)。从尘埃连续发射,我们确定了96个核心,从低到高质量(M = 3.4至50.9 Msun),引力约束(α_vir = 0.3至1.3),这将需要磁场强度B = 0.3至1.0 mG维里平衡。我们将这些结果与文献核心的同质化目录相结合,以恢复这些云内的层次结构超过四个数量级的空间尺度(0.01pc至10 pc)。使用更高角分辨率的补充观测,我们发现这个等级中最小的碎片(<0.02pc)目前没有形成高质量恒星所需的质量和/或密度。尽管如此,本文中提出的新ALMA观测有助于识别19个(6个静止和13个恒星形成)核心,这些核心保留了> 16 Msun而没有进一步的碎片。这些高质量的核心包含跨音速非热运动,是运动学亚维里,并需要适度的磁场强度的支持,防止崩溃。这些潜在的高质量恒星形成地点的识别是使我们能够测试高质量恒星和团簇形成理论预测的关键一步。

英文摘要:

Infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) are potential hosts of the elusive early phases of high-mass star formation (HMSF). Here we conduct an in-depth analysis of the fragmentation properties of a sample of 10 IRDCs, which have been highlighted as some of the best candidates to study HMSF within the Milky Way. To do so, we have obtained a set of large mosaics covering these IRDCs with ALMA at band 3 (or 3mm). These observations have a high angular resolution (~3arcsec or ~0.05pc), and high continuum and spectral line sensitivity (~0.15mJy/beam and ~0.2K per 0.1km/s channel at the N2H+(1-0) transition). From the dust continuum emission, we identify 96 cores ranging from low- to high-mass (M = 3.4 to 50.9Msun) that are gravitationally bound (alpha_vir = 0.3 to 1.3) and which would require magnetic field strengths of B = 0.3 to 1.0mG to be in virial equilibrium. We combine these results with a homogenised catalogue of literature cores to recover the hierarchical structure within these clouds over four orders of magnitude in spatial scale (0.01pc to 10pc). Using supplementary observations at an even higher angular resolution, we find that the smallest fragments (<0.02pc) within this hierarchy do not currently have the mass and/or the density required to form high-mass stars. Nonetheless, the new ALMA observations presented in this paper have facilitated the identification of 19 (6 quiescent and 13 star-forming) cores that retain >16Msun without further fragmentation. These high-mass cores contain trans-sonic non-thermal motions, are kinematically sub-virial, and require moderate magnetic field strengths for support against collapse. The identification of these potential sites of high-mass star formation represents a key step in allowing us to test the predictions from high-mass star and cluster formation theories.

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