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arXiv 2103.05263astro-ph.SRastro-ph.GA
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在M31和M33 II中的红超巨星。质量损失率

Red supergiants in M31 and M33 II. The Mass Loss Rate

Tianding Wang, Biwei Jiang, Yi Ren, Ming Yang, Jun Li

摘要:

质量损失是红超巨星的一个重要活动,它影响着红超巨星的演化和最终命运。由于方法上的差异和样本的不完全性,以往的RSG质量损失率(MLR)估计结果存在显著的离散性。随着UKIRT/WFCAM近红外观测、LGGS和PS1光学观测质量和深度的提高,M31和M33中的RSG根据亮度和颜色得到了较完整的识别。从这个有史以来最大的样本中的两个星系中的约2000个物体,MLR是通过拟合观测的光学到中红外光谱能量分布(SED)与1-D尘埃辐射转移模型的DUSTY代码而得出的。发现RSG的平均MLR约为$2.0\times10^{-5}{\text{M}_\odot}/\text{yr}$,气尘比为100,这使得RSG对星际尘埃的总贡献在M31中约为$1.1\times10^{-3}{\text{M}_\odot}/\text{yr}$,在M33中约为$6.0 \times10^{-4}{\text{M}_\odot}/\text{yr}$,与演化的低质量恒星相比,这是一个不可忽略的来源。根据尘埃的性质将MLR分为无定形硅酸盐尘埃、无定形碳尘埃和光学薄尘埃3类,讨论了MLR与恒星参数、红外辐射通量和颜色的关系,并分别与硅酸盐尘埃和碳尘埃的MLR进行了比较。

英文摘要:

Mass loss is an important activity for red supergiants (RSGs) which can influence their evolution and final fate. Previous estimations of mass loss rates (MLRs) of RSGs exhibit significant dispersion due to the difference in method and the incompleteness of sample. With the improved quality and depth of the surveys including the UKIRT/WFCAM observation in near infrared, LGGS and PS1 in optical, a rather complete sample of RSGs is identified in M31 and M33 according to their brightness and colors. For about 2000 objects in either galaxy from this ever largest sample, the MLR is derived by fitting the observational optical-to-mid infrared spectral energy distribution (SED) with the DUSTY code of a 1-D dust radiative transfer model. The average MLR of RSGs is found to be around $2.0\times10^{-5}{\text{M}_\odot}/\text{yr}$ with a gas-to-dust ratio of 100, which yields a total contribution to the interstellar dust by RSGs of about $1.1\times10^{-3}{\text{M}_\odot}/\text{yr}$ in M31 and $6.0 \times10^{-4}{\text{M}_\odot}/\text{yr}$ in M33, a non-negligible source in comparison with evolved low-mass stars. The MLRs are divided into three types by the dust properties, i.e. amorphous silicate, amorphous carbon and optically thin, and the relations of MLR with stellar parameters, infrared flux and colors are discussed and compared with previous works for the silicate and carbon dust group respectively.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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