For several evaluations of special values and several relations known only in $\mathcal{A}_n$-multiple zeta values or $\mathcal{S}_n$-multiple zeta values, we prove that they are uniformly valid in $\mathcal{F}_n$-multiple zeta values for both the case where $\mathcal{F}=\mathcal{A}$ and $\mathcal{F}=\mathcal{S}$. In particular, the Bowman-Bradley type theorem and sum formulas for $\mathcal{S}_2$-multiple zeta values are proved.
Ihara, Kaneko, and Zagier proved the derivation relation for multiple zeta values. The first named author obtained its counterpart for finite multiple zeta values in $\mathcal{A}$. In this paper, we present its generalization in $\mathcal{A}_{n}$.
In this paper, we construct the alternating multiple q-zeta function(= Multiple Euler q-zeta function) and investigate their properties. Finally, we give some interesting functional eauations related to q-Euler polynomials.
We prove three theorems on finite real multiple zeta values: the symmetric formula, the sum formula and the height-one duality theorem. These are analogues of their counterparts on finite multiple zeta values.
In this note, we shall discuss a generalization of Thakur's multiple zeta values and allied objects, in the framework of function fields of positive characteristic and more precisely, of periods in Tate algebras.
In this note, by using several ideas of other researchers, we derive several relations among multiple zeta-star values from the hypergeometric identities of C. Krattenthaler and T. Rivoal.
Recently (see [1]) I has introduced an interesting the Euler-Barnes multiple zeta function. In this paper we construct the q-analogue of Euler-Barnes multiple zeta function which interpolates the q-analogue of Frobenius-Euler numbers of higher order at negative integers.
The derivation relation is a well known relation among multiple zeta values, which was first obtained by Ihara, Kaneko and Zagier. The analogous formula for finite multiple zeta values, which we call the derivation relation for finite multiple zeta values, was conjectured by the third author and proved by the second author. In this paper, we show these two kinds of derivation relations are respectively equivalent to the Ohno type relations for multiple zeta values and finite multiple zeta values. We also reprove these derivation relations in several different ways.
Using a new construction of rational linear forms in odd zeta values and the saddle point method, we prove the existence of at least two irrational numbers amongst the 33 odd zeta values $ζ$(5), $ζ$(7),. .. , $ζ$(69).
We present a unified approach which gives completely elementary proofs of three weighted sum formulae for double zeta values. This approach also leads to new evaluations of sums relating to the harmonic numbers, the alternating double zeta values, and the Witten zeta function. We discuss a heuristic for finding or dismissing the existence of similar simple sums. We also produce some new sums from recursions involving the Riemann zeta and the Dirichlet beta functions.
The Ohno relation is a well-known relation among multiple zeta values. Hirose, Onozuka, Sato, and the author investigated the sum related to the Ohno relation and presented two types of new relations and five conjectural formulas. This paper proves one of these formulas.
Bowman and Bradley obtained a remarkable formula among multiple zeta values. The formula states that the sum of multiple zeta values for indices which consist of the shuffle of two kinds of the strings $\{1,3,\ldots,1,3\}$ and $\{2,\ldots,2\}$ is a rational multiple of a power of $π^2$. Recently, Saito and Wakabayashi proved that analogous but more general sums of finite multiple zeta values in an adelic ring $\mathcal{A}_1$ vanish. In this paper, we partially lift Saito-Wakabayashi's theorem from $\mathcal{A}_1$ to $\mathcal{A}_2$. Our result states that a Bowman-Bradley type sum of finite mu…
Recently, the higher-order q-Euler polynomials and multiple q-Euler zeta functions are introduced by T. Kim ([8, 9]). In this paper, we investigate some symmetric properties of the multiple q-Euler zeta function and derive various identities concerning the higher-order q-Euler polynomials from the symmetric properties of the multiple q-Euler zeta functions.
A failed attempt to prove the universality of Lerch zeta function $L(λ,α,s)$ when $λ$ is irrational and $α$ is rational, and for any $λ$ when $α$ is irrational algebraic.
Multiple zeta values (MZVs) with certain repeated arguments or certain sums of cyclically generated MZVs are evaluated as rational multiple of powers of $π^2$. In this paper, we give a short and simple proof of the remarkable evaluations of MZVs established by D. Borman and D. M. Bradley.
We study a general type of series and relate special cases of it to Stirling series, infinite series discussed by Choi and Hoffman, and also to special values of the Arakawa-Kaneko zeta function, complementing and generalizing earlier results. Moreover, we survey properties of certain truncated multiple zeta and zeta star values, pointing out their relation to finite sums of harmonic numbers. We also discuss the duality result of Hoffman, relating binomial sums and truncated multiple zeta star values.
L. de Branges proposed an approach to the Riemann hypothesis using certain positivity conditions. In this paper, the authors examine this approach and indicate its difficulty.
In [Ok] Okounkov studies a specific $q$-analogue of multiple zeta values and makes some conjectures on their algebraic structure. In this note we compare Okounkovs $q$-analogues to the generating function for multiple divisor sums defined in [BK1]. We also state a conjecture on their dimensions that complements Okounkovs conjectural formula and present some numerical evidences for it.
It is shown explicitly how the sign of Hardy's function $Z(t)$ depends on the parity of the zero-counting function $N(T)$. Two existing definitions of this function are analyzed, and some related problems are discussed.
Let $πS(t)$ denote the argument of the Riemann zeta-function at the point $\frac12+it$. Assuming the Riemann Hypothesis, we sharpen the constant in the best currently known bounds for $S(t)$ and for the change of $S(t)$ in intervals. We then deduce estimates for the largest multiplicity of a zero of the zeta-function and for the largest gap between the zeros.
Assuming the Riemann Hypothesis, we show that infinitely often consecutive non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta-function differ by at most 0.5155 times the average spacing and infinitely often they differ by at least 2.69 times the average spacing.
Let $\mathcal{DZ}_k$ be the $\mathbb{Q}$-vector space spanned by double zeta values with weight $k$, and $\mathcal{DM}_k$ be its quotient space divided by the space $\mathcal{PZ}_k$ spanned by the zeta value $ζ(k)$ and products of two zeta values with total weight $k$. When $k$ is even, an upper bound for the dimension of $\mathcal{DM}_k$ is known. By adding the dimensions of $\mathcal{DM}_k$ and $\mathcal{PZ}_k$, an upper bound of $\mathcal{DZ}_k$ which equals $k/2$ minus the dimension of the space of modular forms of weight $k$ on the modular group is given. In this note, we obtain some spec…
The objective of this paper is to derive symmetric property of (h,q)-Zeta function with weight alpha. By using this property, we give some interesting identities for (h,q)-Genocchi polynomials with weight alpha. As a result, our applications possess a number of interesting property which we state in this paper.
In this note, we prove Selberg's announced result on $r$-gaps between zeros of the Riemann zeta-function $ζ$. Our proof uses a result on variations of $\argζ$ by Tsang based on Selberg's method. The same result with explicit constants under the Riemann Hypothesis has been obtained by Conrey and Turnage-Butterbaugh using a different method. We explain how to obtain explicit constants under the Riemann Hypothesis using our approach which is based on Selberg's and Tsang's arguments.
For a number field $K$, let $ζ_{K}(s)$ be the Dedekind zeta function associated to $K$. In this note, we study non-vanishing and transcendence of $ζ_{K}$ as well as its derivative $ζ_{K}'$ at $s= 1/2$. En route, we strengthen a result proved by Ram Murty and Tanabe [On the nature of $e^γ$ and non-vanishing of $L$-series at $s= 1/2$, J. Number Theory 161 (2016) 444-456].
We investigate the relationship between the maximum of the zeta function on the 1-line and the maximal order of $S(t)$, the error term in the number of zeros up to height $t$. We show that the conjectured upper bounds on $S(t)$ along with the Riemann hypothesis imply a conjecture of Littlewood that $\max_{t\in [1,T]}|ζ(1+it)|\sim e^γ\log\log T$. The relationship in the region $1/2<σ<1$ is also investigated.
It is proved that Epstein's zeta-function $ζ_{Q}(s)$, related to a positive definite integral binary quadratic form, has a zero $1/2 + iγ$ with $ T \leq γ\leq T + T^{{3/7} +\varepsilon} $ for sufficiently large positive numbers $T$. This is an improvement of the result by M. Jutila and K. Srinivas (Bull. London Math. Soc. 37 (2005) 45--53).
Given a number field $K$ one associates to it the set $Λ_K$ of Dedekind zeta-functions of finite abelian extensions of $K$. In this short note we present a proof of the following Theorem: for any number field $K$ the set $Λ_K$ determines the isomorphism class of $K$. This means that if for any number field $K'$ the two sets $Λ_K$ and $Λ_{K'}$ coincide, then $K \simeq K'$. As a consequence of this fact we deduce an alternative approach towards the proof of Neukirch-Uchida Theorem for the case of non-normal extensions of number fields.
Given a function $f(n)$ periodic of period $q\geq 1$ and an irrational number $0<α\leq 1$, Chatterjee and Gun proved that the series $F(s,f,α)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{f(n)}{(n+α)^s}$ has infinitely many zeros for $σ>1$ when $α$ is transcendental and $F(s,f,α)$ has a pole at $s=1$, or when $α$ is algebraic irrational and $c=\frac{\max{f(n)}}{\min{f(n)}}<1.15$. In this note, we prove that the result holds in full generality.
Let $πS(t)$ denote the argument of the Riemann zeta-function at the point $s=\tfrac12+it$. Assuming the Riemann hypothesis, we give a new and simple proof of the sharpest known bound for $S(t)$. We discuss a generalization of this bound for a large class of $L$-functions including those which arise from cuspidal automorphic representations of GL($m$) over a number field. We also prove a number of related results including bounding the order of vanishing of an $L$-function at the central point and bounding the height of the lowest zero of an $L$-function.
Fix $δ\in(0,1]$, $σ_0\in[0,1)$ and a real-valued function $\varepsilon(x)$ for which $\limsup_{x\to\infty}\varepsilon(x)\le 0$. For every set of primes ${\mathcal P}$ whose counting function $π_{\mathcal P}(x)$ satisfies an estimate of the form $$π_{\mathcal P}(x)=δ\,π(x)+O\bigl(x^{σ_0+\varepsilon(x)}\bigr),$$ we define a zeta function $ζ_{\mathcal P}(s)$ that is closely related to the Riemann zeta function $ζ(s)$. For $σ_0\le\frac12$, we show that the Riemann hypothesis is equivalent to the non-vanishing of $ζ_{\mathcal P}(s)$ in the region $\{σ>\frac12\}$. For every set of primes ${\mathcal …
Assuming the Riemann Hypothesis, we improve on previous results by proving there are infinitely many zeros of the Riemann zeta-function whose differences are smaller than 0.50412 times the average spacing. To obtain this result, we generalize a set of weights that were developed by Xiaosheng Wu, who used them to find a positive proportion of large and small gaps between zeros of the Riemann zeta-function.
For a non-negative integer $N$, let $\mathcal{Z}_{N}:=\sum^N_{c = 0} \mathbb{Q} \cdot ζ(-c,s+c)$, where the right-hand side is the vector space spanned by the Euler-Zagier double zeta functions over $\mathbb{Q}$. In this paper, we show that $\mathcal{Z}_{N} =\bigoplus^{N}_{c = 0 : \text{even}} \mathbb{Q} \cdot ζ(-c,s+c)$, where $\bigoplus$ is the direct sum of vector spaces. Moreover, we give a family of relations that exhaust all $\mathbb{Q}$-linear relations on $\mathcal{Z}_{N}$.
We prove the cyclic sum formulas for certain two-parameter multiple series. These are new and non-trivial generalizations of the cyclic sum formulas for multiple zeta values and multiple zeta-star values.
In a recent paper Kachi and Tzermias give elementary proofs of four product formulas involving zeta(3), pi, and Catalan's constant. They indicate that they were not able to deduce these products directly from the values of a function introduced in 1993 by Borwein and Dykshoorn. We provide here such a proof for two of these formulas. We also give a direct proof for the other two formulas, by using a generalization of the Borwein-Dykshoorn function due to Adamchik. Finally we give an expression of the Borwein-Dykshoorn function in terms of the "parameterized-Euler-constant function" introduced b…
We introduce a new approach to study height zeta functions of projective spaces and projective bundles. To study height zeta functions of projective spaces $Z(\mathbb{P}^n, H_{\mathcal{O}(1)}; s)$, we apply the Riemann-Roch theorem of Arakelov vector bundles by van der Geer and Schoof to the integrand of an integral expression of $Z(\mathbb{P}^n, H_{\mathcal{O}(1)}; s)$. We give a proof of the analytic continuation and functional equations of height zeta functions of projective spaces with respect to various height functions. Motivic analogues of these results are also proved. We also study he…
It is proved that, for all odd integer $s \geqslant s_0(\varepsilon)$, there are at least $\big( c_0 - \varepsilon \big) \frac{s^{1/2}}{(\log s)^{1/2}} $ many irrational numbers among the following odd zeta values: $ζ(3),ζ(5),ζ(7),\cdots,ζ(s)$. The constant $c_0 = 1.192507\ldots$ can be expressed in closed form. The work is based on the previous work of Fischler, Sprang and Zudilin [FSZ19], improves the lower bound $2^{(1-\varepsilon)\frac{\log s}{\log\log s}}$ therein. The main new ingredient is an optimal design for the zeros of the auxiliary rational functions, which relates to the inverse …
We derive a lower bound for a second moment of the reciprocal of the derivative of the Riemann zeta-function averaged over the zeros of the zeta-function that is half the size of the conjectured value. Our result is conditional upon the assumption of the Riemann Hypothesis and the conjecture that the zeros of the zeta-function are simple.
We consider the real part $\Re(ζ(s))$ of the Riemann zeta-function $ζ(s)$ in the half-plane $\Re(s) \ge 1$. We show how to compute accurately the constant $σ_0 = 1.19\ldots$ which is defined to be the supremum of $σ$ such that $\Re(ζ(σ+it))$ can be negative (or zero) for some real $t$. We also consider intervals where $\Re(ζ(1+it)) \le 0$ and show that they are rare. The first occurs for $t$ approximately 682112.9, and has length about 0.05. We list the first fifty such intervals.
We study generalised prime systems $\mathcal{P}$ $(1<p_1\leq p_2\leq...,$ with $p_j\in\R$ tending to infinity) and the associated Beurling zeta function $ζ_{\mathcal{P}}(s) =\prod_{j=1}^{\infty} (1-p_j^{-s})^{-1}$. Under appropriate assumptions, we establish various analytic properties of $ζ_{\mathcal{P}}(s)$, including its analytic continuation and we characterise the existence of a suitable generalised functional equation. In particular, we examine the relationship between a counterpart of the Prime Number Theorem (with error term) and the properties of the analytic continuation of $ζ_{\math…
The aim of the present article is to render the spectral theory of mean values of automorphic $L$-functions -- in a unified fashion. This is an outcome of the investigation commenced with the parts XII and XIV, where a framework was laid on the basis of the theory of automorphic representations and a general approach to the mean values was envisaged. We restrict ourselves to the situation offered by the full modular group, solely for the sake of simplicity. Details and extensions are to be published elsewhere. In this new version we added details to all aspects of our argument especially for t…
In this paper, we introduce cell-forms on $\mathcal{M}_{0,n}$, which are top-dimensional differential forms diverging along the boundary of exactly one cell (connected component) of the real moduli space $\mathcal{M}_{0,n}(\mathbb{R})$. We show that the cell-forms generate the top-dimensional cohomology group of $\mathcal{M}_{0,n}$, so that there is a natural duality between cells and cell-forms. In the heart of the paper, we determine an explicit basis for the subspace of differential forms which converge along a given cell $X$. The elements of this basis are called insertion forms, their int…
In this note we prove that the Selberg zeta-function associated to a compact Riemann surface is pseudo-prime and right-prime in the sense of a decomposition.
In this paper, we will study various connections between double zeta values relative to $μ_N$, Hecke operators $T_N$, and newforms of level $Γ_0(N)$ for $N=2,3$. Those various connections generalize the well-known of Baumard and Schneps. We also give a conjecture about the Eichler-Shimura-Manin correspondence between $\mathcal{S}_k^{\textrm{new}}(Γ_0(2))^{\pm}$, $\mathcal{S}_k^{\textrm{new}}(Γ_0(3))^{\pm}$ and some period polynomial spaces.
We introduce an "$L$-function" $\mathcal{L}$ built up from the integral representation of the Barnes' multiple zeta function $ζ$. Unlike the latter, $\mathcal{L}$ is defined on a domain equipped with a non-trivial action of a group $G$. Although these two functions differ from each other, we can use $\mathcal{L}$ to study $ζ$. In fact, the transformation formula for $\mathcal{L}$ under $G$-transformations provides us with a new perspective on the special values of both $ζ$ and its $s$-derivative. In particular, we obtain Kronecker limit formulas for $ζ$ when restricted to points fixed by eleme…
In this paper, we study the arithmetic zeta function $$\mathscr{Z}_{\mathcal{X}}(s) = \prod_p \prod_{\substack{x \in \mathcal{X}_p \\ \text{closed}}} \Big( \frac{1}{1-|κ(x)|^{-s}} \Big)^{\mathfrak{m}_{p}(x)}$$ associated to a scheme $\mathcal{X}$ of finite type over $\mathbb{Z}$, where $κ(x)$ denotes the residue field and $\mathfrak{m}_{p}(x)$ the multiplicity of $x$ in $\mathcal{X}_p$. If $\mathcal{X}$ is defined over a finite field, then $\mathscr{Z}_{\mathcal{X}}$ appears naturally in the context of point counting with multiplicities. We prove that $\mathscr{Z}_{\mathcal{X}}$ admits a merom…
Distributions of Integral Points and Dedekind Zeta Values
L.C. Academy for Multidisciplinary Studies, Beijing National Center for Applied Mathematics, Capital Normal University（首都师范大学）；Yanqi Lake Beijing Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Applications (BIMSA)（北京雁栖湖应用数学研究院）
