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arXiv 2102.13595astro-ph.SR
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探索上天蝎座协会的行星质量人口

Exploring the planetary-mass population in the Upper Scorpius association

N. Lodieu, N. C. Hambly, N. J. G. Cross

摘要:

我们的目标是确定非常低质量的孤立行星质量的成员候选人在最近的OB协会太阳,上天蝎座(145 pc; 5-10百万年),约束的形式和形状的光度函数和质谱在这个制度。我们在上天蝎座中心区域进行了6平方度的深多波段($Y$ =21.2,$J$ =20.5,$Z$ =22.0等)光度测量。我们延长目前的序列的天体测量和光谱成员约两个在$Y$和一个在$J$的震级,达到潜在的T型自由浮动的成员与预测的质量低于5木星质量,以及进入行星质量制度。我们在这一地区提取了57个候选者的样本,并提出了红外光谱确认其中两个年轻的L型成员的特征光谱特征的10万年老的褐矮星。在57个候选者中,我们突出了10个新的候选者,比以前光谱确认的最酷的成员要暗。我们没有看到该星协的质量谱有任何明显的下降迹象,这表明恒星过程可以形成质量低至4-5木星质量的亚恒星物体。

英文摘要:

We aim at identifying very low-mass isolated planetary-mass member candidates in the nearest OB association to the Sun, Upper Scorpius (145 pc; 5-10 Myr), to constrain the form and shape of the luminosity function and mass spectrum in this regime. We conducted a deep multi-band ($Y$=21.2, $J$=20.5, $Z$=22.0 mag) photometric survey of six square degrees in the central region of Upper Scorpius. We extend the current sequence of astrometric and spectroscopic members by about two magnitudes in $Y$ and one magnitude in $J$, reaching potentially T-type free-floating members in the association with predicted masses below 5 Jupiter masses, well into the planetary-mass regime. We extracted a sample of 57 candidates in this area and present infrared spectroscopy confirming two of them as young L-type members with characteristic spectral features of 10 Myr-old brown dwarfs. Among the 57 candidates, we highlight 10 new candidates fainter than the coolest members previously confirmed spectroscopically. We do not see any obvious sign of decrease in the mass spectrum of the association, suggesting that star processes can form substellar objects with masses down to 4-5 Jupiter masses.

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