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arXiv 2102.13290hep-phhep-exnucl-ex
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BESIII实验中的新物理现象

New Physics Searches at the BESIII Experiment

Shenjian Chen, Stephen Lars Olsen

摘要:

粒子物理学的标准模型(SM),由统一的电弱(EW)和量子色动力学(QCD)理论组成,准确地解释了几乎所有与微观世界相关的实验结果,并对以前看不见的粒子做出了许多预测,最著名的是希格斯标量玻色子,随后被发现。因此,SM目前被普遍接受为基本粒子及其相互作用的理论。然而,尽管它取得了许多成功,SM也有一些明显的缺点,包括:许多自由参数必须由实验测量提供;没有机制来产生宇宙中物质对反物质的优势;也没有解释引力、宇宙中的暗物质、中微子质量、粒子世代数等。由于这些缺点,有相当大的动机去寻找新的、非SM物理现象的证据,这些现象可能提供关于新的、超越SM理论(BSM)可能看起来像什么的重要线索。虽然BESIII可以获得的质心能量远远低于能量前沿,但寻找新的BSM物理是其研究计划的重要组成部分。在这里,我们描述了BESIII寻找BSM物理迹象的方法,通过测量SM预测为禁止或非常罕见的过程的速率,寻找非SM粒子,如暗光子,对SM预测进行精确测试,并在SM期望值不可测量的过程中寻找离散对称性$C$和$CP$的违反。

英文摘要:

The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics, comprised of the unified electro-weak (EW) and Quantum Chromodynamic (QCD) theories, accurately explains almost all experimental results related to the micro-world, and has made a number of predictions for previously unseen particles, most notably the Higgs scalar boson, that were subsequently discovered. As a result, the SM is currently universally accepted as the theory of the fundamental particles and their interactions. However, in spite of its numerous successes, the SM has a number of apparent shortcomings including: many free parameters that must be supplied by experimental measurements; no mechanism to produce the dominance of matter over antimatter in the universe; and no explanations for gravity, the dark matter in the universe, neutrino masses, the number of particle generations, etc. Because of these shortcomings, there is considerable incentive to search for evidence for new, non-SM physics phenomena that might provide important clues about what a new, beyond the SM theory (BSM) might look like. Although the center-of-mass energies that BESIII can access are far below the energy frontier, searches for new, BSM physics are an important component of its research program. Here we describe ways that BESIII looks for signs of BSM physics by measuring rates for processes that the SM predicts to be forbidden or very rare, searching for non-SM particles such as dark photons, making precision tests of SM predictions, and looking for violations of the discrete symmetries $C$ and $CP$ in processes for which the SM-expectations are immeasurably small.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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