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arXiv 2102.10261cs.DS
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在线随机最大权二部匹配:超越先知不等式

Online Stochastic Max-Weight Bipartite Matching: Beyond Prophet Inequalities

Christos Papadimitriou, Tristan Pollner, Amin Saberi, David Wajc

摘要:

关于在线贝叶斯选择问题的丰富文献长期以来都集中在所谓的先知不等式上,将在线算法的收益与知道未来的“先知”的收益进行比较。一个同样自然,但研究得少得多的基准是最佳在线算法,它可能是万能的(即,“知者,不知者。在线最优解的计算复杂性是多少?一个多项式时间算法能在多大程度上近似它?本文针对顶点到达情况下的在线随机最大权匹配问题研究了上述问题。对于这个问题,一些$1/2$竞争算法是已知的最佳离线。这是这个问题的最佳比例,因为它推广了原始的单项预言者不等式问题。我们提出了一个多项式时间算法,它近似的最佳在线算法的一个因素内的$0.51$ -击败最好的可能的先知不等式。与此相反,我们表明,它是PSPACE困难的近似这个问题内的一些常数$α< 1$。

英文摘要:

The rich literature on online Bayesian selection problems has long focused on so-called prophet inequalities, which compare the gain of an online algorithm to that of a "prophet" who knows the future. An equally-natural, though significantly less well-studied benchmark is the optimum online algorithm, which may be omnipotent (i.e., computationally-unbounded), but not omniscient. What is the computational complexity of the optimum online? How well can a polynomial-time algorithm approximate it? We study the above questions for the online stochastic maximum-weight matching problem under vertex arrivals. For this problem, a number of $1/2$-competitive algorithms are known against optimum offline. This is the best possible ratio for this problem, as it generalizes the original single-item prophet inequality problem. We present a polynomial-time algorithm which approximates the optimal online algorithm within a factor of $0.51$ -- beating the best-possible prophet inequality. In contrast, we show that it is PSPACE-hard to approximate this problem within some constant $α< 1$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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