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arXiv 2102.09976math.APmath.FA
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关于分布势的存在性

On the existence of distributional potentials

Jürgen Voigt

摘要:

证明了分布向量场$G\in{\mathcal D}'(Ω)^n$的分布势$F\in{\mathcal D}'(Ω)$的存在性,即$\operatorname{grad} F=G$,其中$Ω$是${\mathbb R}^n$的开子集.这些证明中的假设是所有$j,k\in\{1,\dots,n\}$的相容性条件$\partial_jG_k=\partial_kG_j$,如果$Ω$是单连通的,并且在一般情况下是更强的条件。我们处理的一个关键成分是使用Bogovskii公式,将具有$\operatorname{div} v=φ$的矢量场$v\in{\mathcal D}(Ω)^n$分配给具有$\int φ(x)\,\mathrm{d}x=0$的函数$φ\in{\mathcal D}(Ω)$。这些结果被应用于处理Stokes算子和Navier-Stokes方程中函数的Hilbert空间的性质。

英文摘要:

We present proofs for the existence of distributional potentials $F\in{\mathcal D}'(Ω)$ for distributional vector fields $G\in{\mathcal D}'(Ω)^n$, i.e. $\operatorname{grad} F=G$, where $Ω$ is an open subset of ${\mathbb R}^n$. The hypothesis in these proofs is the compatibility condition $\partial_jG_k=\partial_kG_j$ for all $j,k\in\{1,\dots,n\}$, if $Ω$ is simply connected, and a stronger condition in the general case. A key ingredient of our treatment is the use of the Bogovskii formula, assigning vector fields $v\in{\mathcal D}(Ω)^n$ with $\operatorname{div} v=φ$ to functions $φ\in{\mathcal D}(Ω)$ with $\int φ(x)\,\mathrm{d}x=0$. The results are applied to properties of Hilbert spaces of functions occurring in the treatment of the Stokes operator and the Navier--Stokes equations.

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