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arXiv 2102.07162math.STstat.MEstat.TH
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周期假设的Bayes因子

Bayes Factors for Peri-Null Hypotheses

Alexander Ly, Eric-Jan Wagenmakers

摘要:

对贝叶斯因子点-原假设检验的一个长期反对意见是,点-原假设从一开始就被认为是假的。我们研究的后果,近似尖锐的点零假设的模糊的"周边零"假设例示为一个狭窄的先验分布集中在感兴趣的点。然后,周零贝叶斯因子等于点零贝叶斯因子乘以校正项,该校正项本身是贝叶斯因子。对于中等样本量,校正项相对无关紧要;然而,对于大样本量,校正项变得有影响力,并导致围零贝叶斯因子不一致,接近一个极限,该极限取决于在最大似然估计下评估的先验坐标的比率。我们刻画了围零贝叶斯因子的渐近行为,并简要讨论了如何构建围零贝叶斯因子假设检验的建议,也是一致的。

英文摘要:

A perennial objection against Bayes factor point-null hypothesis tests is that the point-null hypothesis is known to be false from the outset. We examine the consequences of approximating the sharp point-null hypothesis by a hazy `peri-null' hypothesis instantiated as a narrow prior distribution centered on the point of interest. The peri-null Bayes factor then equals the point-null Bayes factor multiplied by a correction term which is itself a Bayes factor. For moderate sample sizes, the correction term is relatively inconsequential; however, for large sample sizes the correction term becomes influential and causes the peri-null Bayes factor to be inconsistent and approach a limit that depends on the ratio of prior ordinates evaluated at the maximum likelihood estimate. We characterize the asymptotic behavior of the peri-null Bayes factor and briefly discuss suggestions on how to construct peri-null Bayes factor hypothesis tests that are also consistent.

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