arXiv 2102.011002021-02quant-phmath-phmath.MP

基于连续变量系统的量子信息隐藏

Quantum data hiding with continuous variable systems

Ludovico Lami

备注：: 25 pages; v2 has a generally improved presentation and is close to the published version
发表信息：: Phys. Rev. A 104, 052428 (2021)
DOI：: 10.1103/PhysRevA.104.052428

摘要：

假设我们想要对远程方持有的量子设备进行基准测试，例如通过测试其在自由测量集$\mathcal{M}$之外执行具有挑战性的量子测量的能力。一个非常简单的方法是建立一个二进制状态判别任务，这个任务不能通过自由测量有效地解决。如果在$\mathcal{M}$中可以找到在测量下变得任意不可区分的正交状态对，在辨别中的错误概率接近随机猜测的错误概率的意义上，可以说存在针对$\mathcal{M}$的数据隐藏。在这里，我们研究数据隐藏在连续变量量子系统的背景下。首先，我们看看$\mathcal{M}=\mathrm{LOCC}$的情况下，与本地操作和经典的通信可实现的测量集。虽然以前的研究已经把上界的最大效率的数据隐藏的局部尺寸，因此不适用于连续变量系统，我们建立更一般的界限，仅依赖于当地的平均光子数的状态。一路上，我们进行了严格的定量分析所引入的非理想的Braunstein-Kimble量子隐形传态协议的错误，确定有多少压缩和本地检测效率是需要的，以便以规定的精度传送一个任意的多模本地状态已知的平均能量。最后，在Sabapathy和Winter的开创性建议之后，我们研究了通过测量结果的前馈辅助高斯操作的数据隐藏，提供了仅适用于单一模式的相对简单方案的第一个示例。

英文摘要：

Suppose we want to benchmark a quantum device held by a remote party, e.g. by testing its ability to carry out challenging quantum measurements outside of a free set of measurements $\mathcal{M}$. A very simple way to do so is to set up a binary state discrimination task that cannot be solved efficiently by means of free measurements. If one can find pairs of orthogonal states that become arbitrarily indistinguishable under measurements in $\mathcal{M}$, in the sense that the error probability in discrimination approaches that of a random guess, one says that there is data hiding against $\mathcal{M}$. Here we investigate data hiding in the context of continuous variable quantum systems. First, we look at the case where $\mathcal{M}=\mathrm{LOCC}$, the set of measurements implementable with local operations and classical communication. While previous studies have placed upper bounds on the maximum efficiency of data hiding in terms of the local dimension and are thus not applicable to continuous variable systems, we establish more general bounds that rely solely on the local mean photon number of the states employed. Along the way, we perform a rigorous quantitative analysis of the error introduced by the non-ideal Braunstein-Kimble quantum teleportation protocol, determining how much squeezing and local detection efficiency is needed in order to teleport an arbitrary multi-mode local state of known mean energy with a prescribed accuracy. Finally, following a seminal proposal by Sabapathy and Winter, we look at data hiding against Gaussian operations assisted by feed-forward of measurement outcomes, providing the first example of a relatively simple scheme that works with a single mode only.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

摘要：

英文摘要：

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