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arXiv 2102.00438math.PR
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加增与乘减过程出口问题的统一解法

Unified approach for solving exit problems for additive-increase and multiplicative-decrease processes

Remco van der Hofstad, Stella Kapodistria, Zbigniew Palmowski, Seva Shneer

摘要:

我们分析了一个加法增加和乘法减少(又名增长崩溃)的过程中,线性增长的时间和经验向下跳跃的泊松时期是(确定性)成比例的,其目前的位置。该过程例如用于传输控制协议(TCP)的建模,并且可以被视为所谓的散粒噪声模型的特定示例,散粒噪声模型是建模地震、雪崩和神经元激发的基本工具。对于这个过程,也为它的反映版本,我们考虑单边和双边退出问题,涉及到从固定的时间间隔和半线的退出时间的法律的识别。所有的证明都是基于一个统一的第一步分析方法在第一个跳跃时期,这使我们能够给出明确的,但涉及,他们的拉普拉斯变换的公式。所有八个拉普拉斯变换都可以用两个所谓的尺度函数$Z_{\uparrow}$和$L_{\uparrow}$来描述。这里,$Z_{\uparrow}$根据多个显式和来描述,而$L_{\uparrow}$根据显式递推公式来描述。所有其他拉普拉斯变换都可以从$Z_{\uparrow}$和$L_{\uparrow}$通过取极限、导数、积分和它们的组合来获得。

英文摘要:

We analyse an additive-increase and multiplicative-decrease (aka growth-collapse) process that grows linearly in time and that experiences downward jumps at Poisson epochs that are (deterministically) proportional to its present position. This process is used for example in modelling of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and can be viewed as a particular example of the so-called shot noise model, a basic tool in modeling earthquakes, avalanches and neuron firings. For this process, and also for its reflected versions, we consider one- and two-sided exit problems that concern the identification of the laws of exit times from fixed intervals and half-lines. All proofs are based on a unified first-step analysis approach at the first jump epoch, which allows us to give explicit, yet involved, formulas for their Laplace transforms. All the eight Laplace transforms can be described in terms of two so-called scale functions $Z_{\uparrow}$ and $L_{\uparrow}$. Here $Z_{\uparrow}$ is described in terms of multiple explicit sums, and $L_{\uparrow}$ in terms of an explicit recursion formula. All other Laplace transforms can be obtained from $Z_{\uparrow}$ and $L_{\uparrow}$ by taking limits, derivatives, integrals and combinations of these.

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