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arXiv 2101.07908cond-mat.soft
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被电解质包围的带电球体的电能

Electric energies of a charged sphere surrounded by electrolyte

Istvan P. Sugar

摘要:

本文利用壳定理的推广形式,导出了计算带电球体的电能和球体内外电解质场能的解析方程。这些电能被计算为电解质的离子浓度的函数。由于电解质对电荷-电荷相互作用的屏蔽效应,建立带电球所需的功(即总电荷-电荷相互作用能)随着电解质离子浓度的增加而降低。建立带电球所需的能量表现为电解质的场能和电解质离子的极化能之和。在离子浓度为零时,电解质的场能等于电荷-电荷相互作用能,而极化能为零。在高离子浓度下,50%的电荷-电荷相互作用能表现为离子的极化能,25%表现为球体内部电解质的场能,25%表现为球体周围电解质的场能。

英文摘要:

By using the generalized version of the Shell Theorem analytical equations are derived to calculate the electric energy of a charged sphere and the field energy of the electrolyte inside and around the sphere. These electric energies are calculated as a function of the ion concentration of the electrolyte. The work needed to build up the charged sphere (i.e. the total charge-charge interaction energy) decreases with increasing ion concentration of the electrolyte because of the screening effect of the electrolyte on the charge-charge interaction. The energy needed to build up the charged sphere appears as sum of the field energy of the electrolyte and the polarization energy of the electrolyte ions. At zero ion concentration the field energy of the electrolyte is equal with the charge-charge interaction energy, while the polarization energy is zero. At high ion concentrations 50% of the charge-charge interaction energy appears as the polarization energy of ions, 25% as the field energy of the electrolyte inside the sphere and 25% as the field energy of the electrolyte around the sphere.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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