A Generalization of Shell Theorem. Electric Potential of Charged Spheres and Charged Vesicles Surrounded by Electrolyte

On the cause of Zeta potential of a charged vesicle. The extra- and intravesicular membrane charges contribute differently to the extra- and intravesicular potential

When the charge densities on the inner and outer surface of the vesicle membrane are similar one may assume that the potential at a point closer to the outer/inner surface is more affected by the charges located at the outer/inner surface of the vesicle membrane. However, because of the curvature of the vesicle and the screening effect of the electrolyte ions the situation is more complicated. When the charge densities at the inner and outer surface of the vesicle membrane are the same then at any finite distance Z from the center of the vesicle the contribution of the charges, located at the …

Interaction energy between two separated charged spheres surrounded inside and outside by electrolyte

By using the recently generalized version of Newton Shell Theorem analytical equations are derived to calculate the electric interaction energy between two separated charged spheres surrounded outside and inside by electrolyte. This electric interaction energy is calculated as a function of the electrolyte ion concentration, temperature, distance between the spheres and size of the spheres. At the same distance between the spheres the absolute value of the interaction energy decreases with increasing electrolyte ion concentration and increases with increasing temperature. At zero electrolyte i…

Interaction energy between two charged spheres surrounded by electrolyte. The smaller sphere located inside the larger sphere

By using the recently generalized version of Newton Shell Theorem [3] analytical equations are derived to calculate the electric interaction energy between two charged spheres, a small one is located within a larger one, and each sphere is surrounded outside and inside by electrolyte. This electric interaction energy is calculated as a function of the electrolyte ion concentration, temperature, distance between the centers and size of the spheres. At the same distance between the centers of the spheres the absolute value of the interaction energy decreases with increasing electrolyte ion conce…

Electric energies of a charged sphere surrounded by electrolyte

By using the generalized version of the Shell Theorem analytical equations are derived to calculate the electric energy of a charged sphere and the field energy of the electrolyte inside and around the sphere. These electric energies are calculated as a function of the ion concentration of the electrolyte. The work needed to build up the charged sphere (i.e. the total charge-charge interaction energy) decreases with increasing ion concentration of the electrolyte because of the screening effect of the electrolyte on the charge-charge interaction. The energy needed to build up the charged spher…

Liquid-gas separation in colloidal electrolytes

The liquid-gas transition of an electroneutral mixture of oppositely charged colloids, studied by Monte Carlo simulations, is found in the low temperature -- low density region. The critical temperature shows a non-monotonous behavior as a function of the interaction range, $κ^{-1}$, with a maximum at $κσ\approx 10$, implying an island of coexistence in the $κ$-$ρ$ plane. The system is arranged in such a way that each particle is surrounded by shells of particles with alternating charge. In contrast with the electrolyte primitive model, both neutral and charged clusters are obtained in the vap…

利用微流控技术工程化制备的具有小叶不对称性的杂化聚合物-脂质囊泡的力学性能

Mechanical performance of hybrid polymer-lipid vesicles with leaflet asymmetry engineered using microfluidics

本研究利用微流控精确制备对称与不对称聚合物-脂质杂化囊泡，揭示不对称结构显著提升囊泡刚度和韧性并降低脂质扩散率。