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arXiv 2012.12502cs.LGcs.AIcs.CV
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小组学习及其在神经结构搜索中的应用

Small-Group Learning, with Application to Neural Architecture Search

University of California San Diego(加利福尼亚大学圣迭戈分校)

Xuefeng Du, Pengtao Xie

摘要:

在人类学习中,一种有效的学习方法是小组学习:一小群学生朝着同一个学习目标一起工作,他们向同龄人表达他们对某个主题的理解,比较他们的想法,并互相帮助解决问题。在本文中,我们的目标是研究这种人类学习方法是否可以借用训练更好的机器学习模型,通过开发一种新的ML框架-小组学习(SGL)。在我们的框架中,一组具有不同模型架构的学习者(ML模型)通过利用其互补优势来相互帮助学习。具体来说,每个学习者使用其中间训练的模型来生成伪标记数据集,并使用其他学习者生成的伪标记数据集重新训练其模型。SGL是一个多级优化框架,由三个学习阶段组成:每个学习者独立训练一个模型,并使用该模型执行伪标记;每个学习者使用其他学习者伪标记的数据集训练另一个模型;学习者通过最小化验证损失来改进其架构。提出了一种求解多层优化问题的有效算法。我们将SGL应用于神经结构搜索。在CIFAR-100,CIFAR-10和ImageNet上的结果证明了我们方法的有效性。

英文摘要:

In human learning, an effective learning methodology is small-group learning: a small group of students work together towards the same learning objective, where they express their understanding of a topic to their peers, compare their ideas, and help each other to trouble-shoot problems. In this paper, we aim to investigate whether this human learning method can be borrowed to train better machine learning models, by developing a novel ML framework -- small-group learning (SGL). In our framework, a group of learners (ML models) with different model architectures collaboratively help each other to learn by leveraging their complementary advantages. Specifically, each learner uses its intermediately trained model to generate a pseudo-labeled dataset and re-trains its model using pseudo-labeled datasets generated by other learners. SGL is formulated as a multi-level optimization framework consisting of three learning stages: each learner trains a model independently and uses this model to perform pseudo-labeling; each learner trains another model using datasets pseudo-labeled by other learners; learners improve their architectures by minimizing validation losses. An efficient algorithm is developed to solve the multi-level optimization problem. We apply SGL for neural architecture search. Results on CIFAR-100, CIFAR-10, and ImageNet demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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