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arXiv 2011.07574cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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体材料Bi $_2$ Se $_3$中向Weyl态的拓扑跃迁:hydrostatic pressure和掺杂的影响

Topological transitions to Weyl states in bulk Bi$_2$Se$_3$: Effect of hydrostatic pressure and doping

Sudip Kumar Saha, Hrishit Banerjee, Manoranjan Kumar

摘要:

Bi $_2$ Se $_3$是一种层状三维(3D)材料,由于存在表面态和本体中0.3 eV的带隙而表现出拓扑绝缘性质。我们从第一性原理的角度研究了流体静压$P$和掺杂稀土元素对这种材料的拓扑结构的影响。我们的研究表明,在P $>$ 7.9 GPa的中等压力下,由于能带反转,体电子性质显示出从绝缘态到外尔半金属态的转变。这种电子拓扑转变可能与在$P$ =7.9 GPa下观察到的从层状范德华材料到3D系统的结构变化相关。在大的$P$态密度在费米能有显着的价值。在Bi $_2$ Se $_3$层之间插入具有小掺杂分数的Gd将系统驱动到金属反铁磁状态,其中Weyl节点低于费米能。在Weyl节点处,由于Gd原子上的大磁矩引起的有限局域场,时间反演对称性被破坏。然而,用Gd取代Bi诱导了具有增加的直接带隙的反铁磁有序。我们的研究提供了新的方法来调整拓扑转变,特别是在捕捉难以捉摸的外尔半金属状态,在3D拓扑材料。

英文摘要:

Bi$_2$Se$_3$, a layered three dimensional (3D) material, exhibits topological insulating properties due to presence of surface states and a band gap of 0.3 eV in the bulk. We study the effect hydrostatic pressure $P$ and doping with rare earth elements on the topological aspect of this material in bulk from a first principles perspective. Our study shows that under a moderate pressure of P$>$7.9 GPa, the bulk electronic properties show a transition from an insulating to a Weyl semi-metal state due to band inversion. This electronic topological transition may be correlated to a structural change from a layered van der Waals material to a 3D system observed at $P$=7.9 GPa. At large $P$ density of states have significant value at the Fermi-energy. Intercalating Gd with a small doping fraction between Bi$_2$Se$_3$ layers drives the system to a metallic anti-ferromagnetic state, with Weyl nodes below the Fermi-energy. At the Weyl nodes time reversal symmetry is broken due to finite local field induced by large magnetic moments on Gd atoms. However, substituting Bi with Gd induces anti-ferromagnetic order with an increased direct band gap. Our study provides novel approaches to tune topological transitions, particularly in capturing the elusive Weyl semimetal states, in 3D topological materials.

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