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arXiv 2011.00110gr-qc
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黑洞时空中的伸展体运动:什么是可能的?

Extended-body motion in black hole spacetimes: What is possible?

Abraham I. Harte

摘要:

自由落体在广义相对论中只是近似普适的。不同的延伸体可以以不同的方式下落,这取决于它们的内部动力学。然而,它们运动的某些方面是普遍的。本文研究了真空D型时空中伸展体运动的普适约束。工作在四极近似,我们表明,除了(以前已知的)由Killing矢量施加的约束,两个组件的引力矩必须消失。此外,在物体四极矩的十个分量中,有四个分量被发现是不相关的,两个分量只影响力,其余四个分量既影响力又影响力矩。作为一个应用程序,我们考虑的能力,一个假设的航天器控制其运动,通过控制其内部结构。在史瓦西时空中,这样的航天器可以控制自己的质量,这样做,它可以稳定不稳定的轨道,脱离束缚轨道,等等--所有这些都不需要火箭。

英文摘要:

Free-fall is only approximately universal in general relativity. Different extended bodies can fall in different ways, depending on their internal dynamics. Nevertheless, certain aspects of their motion are universal. This paper examines the universal constraints on extended-body motion in vacuum type D spacetimes. Working in the quadrupole approximation, we show that in addition to the (previously-known) constraints imposed by Killing vectors, two components of the gravitational torque must vanish. Furthermore, of the ten components of a body's quadrupole moment, four are found to be irrelevant, two can affect only the force, and the remaining four can affect both forces and torques. As an application, we consider the capabilities of a hypothetical spacecraft which controls its motion by controlling its internal structure. In the Schwarzschild spacetime, such a spacecraft can control its mass, and in doing so, it can stabilize unstable orbits, escape from bound orbits, and more -- all without a rocket.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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