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arXiv 2010.07623astro-ph.SR
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开普勒视野中闪耀巨星的真实数量。有没有与大自然有关的特殊之处？

Towards the true number of flaring giant stars in the Kepler field. Are there flaring specialities associated with the giant nature?

K. Oláh, Zs. Kővári, M. N. Günther, K. Vida, P. Gaulme, B. Seli, A. Pál

备注：
23 pages with 24 figures and 5 tables; accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
发表信息：
A&A 647, A62 (2021)
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摘要：

我们的目标是给出一个可靠的估计的数量在开普勒领域的耀斑巨星。通过分析这些恒星的耀斑活动，我们探讨了它们的耀斑统计和释放的耀斑能量。本文还研究了振荡在抑制磁活动中的作用。在一个闪耀巨星的样本上，我们寻找可能与巨星性质有关的闪耀特性。我们搜索耀斑使用完整的K1数据样本的706颗恒星从两个清单中发现的文献中的耀斑巨星。最后，我们确认只有61颗恒星是燃烧的巨星。在这61颗闪耀巨星中，我们只发现了6颗也显示出振荡;我们认为，61颗闪耀巨星中的很大一部分是光谱双星的成员，这些双星已经被证明是11颗。进行测试，以纠正在低耀斑能量的子样本的19个进一步研究，经常燃烧的恒星的检测偏差。对这19颗恒星的耀斑能量分布和耀斑频率图（FFD）的构建。在巨星上探测到的耀斑数量与自转周期的相关性很弱。这61颗已确认的巨星只占开普勒数据库中整个巨星总数的0.3%，而之前的估计要高出一个数量级。恒星的性质和耀斑特征之间没有很强的相关性。这些燃烧着的特殊物种的广泛规模与巨大的自然界几乎没有关系，如果有的话。这一点，以及观测到的耀斑持续时间与耀斑能量相关的发现，无论耀斑的能级和恒星光度等级如何，都表明耀斑恒星中存在共同的背景物理，或者换句话说，背后存在一般的尺度效应。

英文摘要：

We aim to give a reliable estimate of the number of flaring giant stars in the Kepler field. By analyzing the flaring activity of these stars we explore their flare statistics and the released flare energies. The role of oscillation in suppressing magnetic activity is also investigated. On a sample of flaring giant stars we search for flaring specialities which may be associated with the giant nature. We search for flares using the full K1 data on a sample of 706 stars compiled from two lists of flaring giants found in the literature. In the end, we confirm only 61 stars as flaring giants. Among these 61 flaring giants we found only six which also show oscillations; we suggest that a large fraction of the 61 flaring giants are members of spectroscopic binaries which are proven already for 11. Tests are carried out to correct the detection bias at low flare energies for a subsample of 19 further studied, frequently flaring stars. For these 19 stars flare energy distributions and flare frequency diagrams (FFDs) are constructed. The number of detected flares on giant stars correlate only weakly with the rotational periods. The 61 confirmed flaring giant stars make up only about 0.3% of the entire giant star population in the Kepler database, in contrast with previous estimates of about an order higher percentage. No strong correlation was found between the stellar properties and the flaring characteristics. The wide scale of the flaring specialities are hardly related to the giant nature, if at all. This, together with the finding that the observed flare durations correlate with flare energies, regardless of the flare energy level and stellar luminosity class, suggest common background physics in flaring stars, or in other words, a general scaling effect behind.

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