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arXiv 2010.01465cs.CV
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MDReg-Net:使用具有深度自监督的全卷积网络进行多分辨率同构图像配准

MDReg-Net: Multi-resolution diffeomorphic image registration using fully convolutional networks with deep self-supervision

University of Pennsylvania(宾夕法尼亚大学);Perelman School of Medicine(佩雷尔曼医学院);Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (CBICA)(生物医学图像计算与分析中心(CBICA))

Hongming Li, Yong Fan

摘要:

我们提出了一个同构图像配准算法学习空间变换的图像对之间的注册使用全卷积网络(FCN)下的自监督学习设置。该网络被训练为通过最大化固定和变形运动图像之间的图像相似性度量来估计图像对之间的同构空间变换,类似于传统的图像配准算法。它在多分辨率图像配准框架中实现,以联合和增量地优化和学习不同图像分辨率下的空间变换,并进行深度自我监督,以便更好地处理图像之间的大变形。一个空间高斯平滑内核集成的FCNs产生足够平滑的变形领域,实现同构图像配准。特别地,利用在较粗分辨率下学习的空间变换来扭曲运动图像,该运动图像随后用于在较细分辨率下学习增量变换。该过程递归地进行到全图像分辨率,并且累积的变换用作最终变换以最精细的分辨率扭曲运动图像。用于配准高分辨率3D结构脑磁共振(MR)图像的实验结果表明,与最先进的图像配准算法相比,通过我们的方法训练的图像配准网络在几秒钟内获得了鲁棒的、同构的图像配准结果,并且精度有所提高。

英文摘要:

We present a diffeomorphic image registration algorithm to learn spatial transformations between pairs of images to be registered using fully convolutional networks (FCNs) under a self-supervised learning setting. The network is trained to estimate diffeomorphic spatial transformations between pairs of images by maximizing an image-wise similarity metric between fixed and warped moving images, similar to conventional image registration algorithms. It is implemented in a multi-resolution image registration framework to optimize and learn spatial transformations at different image resolutions jointly and incrementally with deep self-supervision in order to better handle large deformation between images. A spatial Gaussian smoothing kernel is integrated with the FCNs to yield sufficiently smooth deformation fields to achieve diffeomorphic image registration. Particularly, spatial transformations learned at coarser resolutions are utilized to warp the moving image, which is subsequently used for learning incremental transformations at finer resolutions. This procedure proceeds recursively to the full image resolution and the accumulated transformations serve as the final transformation to warp the moving image at the finest resolution. Experimental results for registering high resolution 3D structural brain magnetic resonance (MR) images have demonstrated that image registration networks trained by our method obtain robust, diffeomorphic image registration results within seconds with improved accuracy compared with state-of-the-art image registration algorithms.

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