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arXiv 2009.08111cs.AImath.OCq-bio.NC
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通过离散主动推理实现奖励最大化

Reward Maximisation through Discrete Active Inference

Imperial College London(帝国理工学院);University College London(伦敦大学学院);Laureate Institute for Brain Research(劳雷亚德脑研究所)

Lancelot Da Costa, Noor Sajid, Thomas Parr, Karl Friston, Ryan Smith

摘要:

主动推理是一种概率框架,用于模拟生物和人工代理的行为,它源于最小化自由能的原则。近年来,这一框架已成功地应用于各种情况下,目标是最大限度地提高回报,提供可比的,有时更优越的性能,以替代方法。在本文中,我们阐明了奖励最大化和积极推理之间的联系,通过演示如何以及何时主动推理代理执行最佳奖励的行动。准确地说,我们展示了主动推理产生贝尔曼方程最佳解的条件--该公式是几种基于基于模型的强化学习和控制方法的基础。部分观察马尔可夫决策过程,标准的主动推理方案可以产生贝尔曼最优行动的规划视野1,但不超过。相比之下,最近开发的递归主动推理计划(复杂的推理)可以产生贝尔曼最优行动的任何有限的时间范围内。我们在分析的基础上讨论了主动推理和强化学习之间更广泛的关系。

英文摘要:

Active inference is a probabilistic framework for modelling the behaviour of biological and artificial agents, which derives from the principle of minimising free energy. In recent years, this framework has successfully been applied to a variety of situations where the goal was to maximise reward, offering comparable and sometimes superior performance to alternative approaches. In this paper, we clarify the connection between reward maximisation and active inference by demonstrating how and when active inference agents perform actions that are optimal for maximising reward. Precisely, we show the conditions under which active inference produces the optimal solution to the Bellman equation--a formulation that underlies several approaches to model-based reinforcement learning and control. On partially observed Markov decision processes, the standard active inference scheme can produce Bellman optimal actions for planning horizons of 1, but not beyond. In contrast, a recently developed recursive active inference scheme (sophisticated inference) can produce Bellman optimal actions on any finite temporal horizon. We append the analysis with a discussion of the broader relationship between active inference and reinforcement learning.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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