Density functional theory within the local or semilocal density approximations (DFT-LDA/GGA) has become a workhorse in electronic structure theory of solids, being extremely fast and reliable for energetics and structural properties, yet remaining highly inaccurate for predicting band gaps of semiconductors and insulators. Accurate prediction of band gaps using firstprinciples methods is time consuming, requiring hybrid functionals, quasi-particle GW, or quantum Monte Carlo methods. Efficiently correcting DFT-LDA/GGA band gaps and unveiling the main chemical and structural factors involved in this correction is desirable for discovering novel materials in high-throughput calculations. In this direction, we use DFT and machine learning techniques to correct band gaps and band-edge positions of a representative subset of ABO3 perovskite oxides. Relying on results of HSE06 hybrid functional calculations as target values of band gaps, we find a systematic band gap correction of ~1.5 eV for this class of materials, where ~1 eV comes from downward shifting the valence band and ~0.5 eV from uplifting the conduction band. The main chemical and structural factors determining the band gap correction are determined through a feature selection procedure.
The outstanding optoelectronics and photovoltaic properties of metal halide perovskites, including high carrier motilities, low carrier recombination rates, and the tunable spectral absorption range are attributed to the unique electronic properties of these materials. While DFT provides reliable structures and stabilities of perovskites, it performs poorly in electronic structure prediction. The relativistic GW approximation has been demonstrated to be able to capture electronic structure accurately, but at an extremely high computational cost. Here we report efficient and accurate band gap c…
The structural, elastic, magnetic properties, as well as electronic structure and chemical bonding picture of new oxide 3d1-perovskite BaVO3, recently synthesized, were systematically investigated involving the first-principles FLAPW-GGA calculations. The obtained results are discussed in comparison with available experimental data, as well as with those obtained before for isostructural and isoelectronic SrVO3 perovskite.
The energetics of vicinal SrTiO$_3$(001) and DyScO$_3$(110), prototypical perovskite vicinal surfaces, has been studied using topographic atomic force microscopy imaging. The kink formation and strain relaxation energies are extracted from a statistical analysis of the step meandering. Both perovskite surfaces have very similar kink formation energies and exhibit a similar triangular step undulation. Our experiments suggest that the energetics of perovskite oxide surfaces is mainly governed by the local oxygen coordination.
ABO3 oxides with the perovskite-related structures are attracting significant interest due to their promising physical and chemical properties for many applications requiring tunable chemistry, including fuel cells, catalysis, and electrochemical water splitting. Here we report on the crystal structure of the entire family of perovskite oxides with ABO3 stoichiometry, where A and B are Ba, Sr, Mn, Ce. Given the vast size of this chemically complex material system, exploration for stable perovskite-related structures with respect to its constituent elements and annealing temperature is performe…
We perform first-principles density functional calculations to explore the role of substrate proximity effects on the octahedral rotation patterns in perovskite oxide superlattices. With cubic perovskite SrFeO$_3$ as our model film and tetragonal SrTiO$_3$ as the substrate, we show that in most cases the substrate octahedral rotation patterns propagate into the film across the heterointerface. We also identify elastic boundary conditions for which the enforced structural coherence induces atomic displacement patterns that are not found in the bulk phase diagram of either individual constituent…
The discovery of two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) at the heterointerface between two insulating perovskite-type oxides, such as LaAlO3 and SrTiO3, provides opportunities for a new generation of all-oxide electronic and photonic devices. However, significant improvement of the interfacial electron mobility beyond the current value of approximately 1,000 cm2V-1s-1 (at low temperatures), remains a key challenge for fundamental as well as applied research of complex oxides. Here, we present a new type of 2DEG created at the heterointerface between SrTiO3 and a spinel γ-Al2O3 epitaxial film w…
Perovskite oxides exhibit a rich variety of structural phases hosting different physical phenomena that generate multiple technological applications. We find that topological phonons, i.e., nodal rings, nodal lines, and Weyl points, are ubiquitous in oxide perovskites in terms of structures (tetragonal, orthorhombic, and rhombohedral), compounds (BaTiO3, PbTiO3, and SrTiO3), and external conditions (photoexcitation, strain, and temperature). In particular, in the tetragonal phase of these compounds, all types of topological phonons can simultaneously emerge when stabilized by photoexcitation, …
Transition-metal perovskite oxides constitute a series of functional material systems for electronics, catalysis and energy-conversion processes, in which oxygen migration and evolution play a key role. However, the stable metal-oxygen (M-O) bond forms large energy barrier inhibiting ion diffusion. Therefore, seeking efficient and facile approaches to accelerate oxygen kinetics has become a significant issue. Here, the interaction (interfacial charge transfer and cooperative bonding) between noble metal (Pt, Ag) and perovskites oxide (SrCoO3-delta) is employed to weaken (M-O) bond and decrease…
The optimization of properties of perovskite oxides has drawn interest on account of their diverse areas of application. In this work, the hierarchical clustering technique is used to reduce the multi-collinearity among selected features from literature that are reported to have an effect on perovskite formation and stability. Operating on the vast composition space of double oxide perovskite compositions available in literature and online repositories, in this manuscript, an attempt has been made to extract the relationship between the composition and structure to predict their formability an…
Two-dimensional (2D) materials are able to strongly confine light hybridized with collective excitations of atoms, enabling electric-field enhancements and novel spectroscopic applications. Recently, freestanding monolayers of oxide perovskites have been synthesized, which possess highly infrared-active phonon modes and a complex interplay of competing interactions. In this study, we evaluate central figures of merit for phonon polaritons in the tetragonal phases of the 2D perovskites SrTiO$_3$, KTaO$_3$, and LiNbO$_3$, using density functional theory calculations. Specifically, we compute the…
This article reviews the polarizability model and its applications to ferroelectric perovskite oxides. The motivation for the introduction of the model is discussed and nonlinear oxygen ion polarizability effects and their lattice dynamical implementation outlined. While a large part of this work is dedicated to results obtained within the self-consistent-phonon approximation (SPA), also nonlinear solutions of the model are handled which are of interest to the physics of relaxor ferroelectrics, domain wall motions, incommensurate phase transitions. The main emphasis is to compare the results o…
Comment on ``Conduction states in oxide perovskites: Three manifestations of Ti$^{3 +}$ Jahn-Teller polarons in barium titanate''
在这篇评论中，[S。伦耶尔岛F. Schirmer，H. Hesse和Th. W. Kool，Phys. Rev. B { \bf 66}，165106（2002）]讨论了钙钛矿中氧空位的电子结构。第一原理计算支持这些空位中的深能级，而Lenjer等人认为电子的相互作用能是负的，但电导率的数据则相反。
Using a CO$_2$ laser to directly heat the crystals from the back side, SrTiO$_3$ substrates may be thermally prepared in situ for epitaxy without the need for ex-situ etching and annealing. We find that the formation of large terraces with straight steps at 900-1100 °C is independent from the formation of the ideal surface reconstruction for epitaxy, which requires temperatures in excess of 1200 °C to complete. The process may be universal, at least for perovskite oxide surfaces, as it also works, at different temperatures, for LaAlO$_3$ and NdGaO$_3$, two other widely used oxide substrate mat…
The use of microwave irradiation is a promising alternative heat source for the synthesis of inorganic materials such as perovskite oxides. The method offers massive energy and time savings as compared to the traditional ceramic method. In this work we review the basic principles of the microwave heating mechanism based on interactions between dipoles in the material and the electromagnetic microwave. Furthermore, we comment on and classify all different sub-types of microwave synthesis such as solid-state microwave and microwave assisted hydrothermal synthesis. In the experimental part of thi…
Perovskite transition-metal oxides are networks of corner-sharing octahedra whose tilts and distortions are known to affect their electronic and magnetic properties. We report calculations on a model interfacial structure to avoid chemical influences and show that the symmetry mismatch imposes an interfacial layer with distortion modes that do not exist in either bulk material, creating new interface properties driven by symmetry alone. Depending on the resistance of the octahedra to deformation, the interface layer can be as small as one unit cell or extend deep into the thin film.
There are two silver perovskite oxides: AgNbO3 and AgTaO3. AgNbO3 has a noncentrosymmetric group of Pmc21 at room temperature with a ferri-electric ordering of polarization. Such a ferri-electric state with small polarization can be changed into a ferroelectric state with very large polarization by a high electric field or by a chemical modification. The induced ferroelectric phase shows promising electromechanical response for applications in piezoelectric devices. In contrast, AgTaO3 is a quantum paraelectric, but ferroelectricity also can be induced through chemical substitution. The findin…
We present an aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (ac-STEM) analysis of the perovskite (LaFeO3) and pyrochlore (Yb2Ti2O7 and Pr2Zr2O7) oxides and demonstrate that both the shape and contrast of visible atomic columns in annular dark-field (ADF) images are sensitive to the presence of nearby atoms of low atomic number (e.g. oxygen). We show that point defects (e.g. oxygen vacancies), which are invisible - or difficult to observe due to limited sensitivity - in X-ray and neutron diffraction measurements, are the origin of the complex magnetic ground state of pyrochlore…
Perovskite photovoltaics (PVs) have attracted attention because of their excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE). Critical issues related to large area PV performance, reliability and lifetime need to be addressed. Here, we show that doped metal oxides can provide ideal electron selectivity, improved reliability and stability for perovskite PVs. We report p-i-n perovskite PVs with device areas ranging from 0.09cm2 to 0.5cm2 incorporating a thick aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) electron selective contact with hysteresis-free PCE of over 13% and high fill factor values in the range of 80%. A…
Vacancy defects in thin film laser ablated SrTiO3 on SrTiO3 were identified using variable energy positron annihilation lifetime measurements. Strontium vacancy related defects were the dominant positron traps and, apart from in the top ~ 50 nm, were found to be uniformly distributed. The surface layer showed an increase in annihilation from larger open-volume defects, large vacancy clusters or nanovoids.
Thin films of perovskite oxides offer the possibility of combining emerging concepts of strongly correlated electron phenomena and spin current in magnetic devices. However, spin transport and magnetization dynamics in these complex oxide materials are not well understood. Here, we experimentally quantify spin transport parameters and magnetization damping in epitaxial perovskite ferromagnet/paramagnet bilayers of La$_{2/3}$Sr$_{1/3}$MnO$_3$/SrRuO$_3$ (LSMO/SRO) by broadband ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy. From the SRO thickness dependence of Gilbert damping, we estimate a short spin dif…
The band offsets for nine heterojunctions between titanates, zirconates, and niobates with the cubic perovskite structure were calculated from first principles. The effect of strain in contacting oxides on their energy structure, many-body corrections to the position of the band edges (calculated in the GW approximation), and the splitting of the conduction band resulting from spin-orbit interaction were consistently taken into account. It was shown that the neglect of the many-body effects can lead to errors in determination of the band offsets up to 0.36 eV. The failure of the transitivity r…
Predicting the stability of the perovskite structure remains a longstanding challenge for the discovery of new functional materials for many applications including photovoltaics and electrocatalysts. We developed an accurate, physically interpretable, and one-dimensional tolerance factor, τ, that correctly predicts 92% of compounds as perovskite or nonperovskite for an experimental dataset of 576 $ABX_3$ materials ($\textit{X} =$ $O^{2-}$, $F^-$, $Cl^-$, $Br^-$, $I^-$) using a novel data analytics approach based on SISSO (sure independence screening and sparsifying operator). τ is shown to gen…
We predict through our first-principles calculations that four double perovskite oxides of Bi2ABO6 (AB = FeMo, MnMo, MnOs, CrOs) are half-metallic ferrimagnets. Our calculated results shows that the four optimized structures have negative formation energy, from -0.42 to -0.26 eV per formula unit, which implies that they could probably be realized. In the case of Bi2FeMoO6, the half-metallic gap and Curie temperature are predicted to reach to 0.71 eV and 650 K, respectively, which indicates that high spin polarization could be kept at high temperatures far beyond room temperature. It is believe…
In the present paper, the electronic, structural, thermodynamic, and elastic properties of cubic $PbGeO_{3}$ perovskite oxide are presented and computed using the WIEN2K code. The structural properties have been evaluated and they are in good agreement with the theoretical and experimental data. A phonon dispersion is made and it reveals that the cubic $PbGeO_{3}$ perovskite is dynamically stable. In addition, the electronic properties of $PbGeO_{3}$ shows an opening gap energy, meaning a semiconductor behavior with an indirect band gap equal to $1.67 eV$. Moreover, the obtained elastic consta…
Tuning the work functions of materials is of practical interest for maximizing the performance of microelectronic and (photo)electrochemical devices, as the efficiency of these systems depends on the ability to control electronic levels at surfaces and across interfaces. Perovskites are promising compounds to achieve such control. In this work, we examine the work functions of more than 1,000 perovskite oxide surfaces (ABO$_3$) by data-driven (machine-learning) analysis and identify the factors that determine their magnitude. While the work functions of BO$_2$-terminated surfaces are sensitive…
Ferromagnetic insulators (FMIs) are one of the most important components in developing dissipationless electronic and spintronic devices. However, since ferromagnetism generally accompanies metallicity, FMIs are innately rare to find in nature. Here, novel room-temperature FMI films are epitaxially synthesized by deliberate control of the ratio of two B-site cations in the double perovskite Sr2FeReO6. In contrast to the known ferromagnetic metallic phase in stoichiometric Sr2FeReO6, a FMI state with a high Curie temperature (Tc~400 K) and a large saturation magnetization (MS~1.8 μB/f.u.) is fo…
High entropy oxides (HEO) are a recently introduced class of oxide materials, which are characterized by a large number of elements (i.e. five or more) sharing one lattice site which crystallize in a single phase structure. One complex example of the rather young HEO family are the rare-earth transition metal perovskite high entropy oxides. In this comprehensive study, we provide an overview over the magnetic properties of three perovskite type high entropy oxides. The compounds have a rare-earth site which is occupied by five different rare-earth elements, while the transition metal site is o…
Symbolic regression (SR) is an emerging method for building analytical formulas to find models that best fit data sets. Here, SR was used to guide the design of new oxide perovskite catalysts with improved oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activities. An unprecedentedly simple descriptor, μ/t, where μ and t are the octahedral and tolerance factors, respectively, was identified, which accelerated the discovery of a series of new oxide perovskite catalysts with improved OER activity. We successfully synthesized five new oxide perovskites and characterized their OER activities. Remarkably, four of …
Sodium iridium(V) oxide, NaIrO3, was synthesized by a high pressure solid state method and recovered to ambient conditions. It is found to be isostructural with CaIrO3, the much-studied structural analogue of the high-pressure post-perovskite phase of MgSiO3. Among the oxide post-perovskites, NaIrO3 is the first example with a pentavalent cation. The structure consists of layers of corner- and edge-sharing IrO6 octahedra separated by layers of NaO8 bicapped trigonal prisms. NaIrO3 shows no magnetic ordering and resistivity measurements show non-metallic behavior. The crystal structure, electri…
Strain engineering with different substrate facets is promising for tuning functional properties of thin film perovskite oxides. By choice of facet, different surface symmetries and chemical bond directions for epitaxial interfaces can be tailored. Here, preparation of well-defined pseudo-cubic (111)-oriented orthorhombic substrates of DyScO3 , GdScO3 , and NdGaO3 is reported. The choice of orthorhombic facet, (011)o or (101)o , both corresponding to pseudo-cubic (111)pc , gives vicinal surfaces with single or double (111pc layer terrace step heights, respectively, impacting subsequent thin fi…
Functional oxide perovskites are the pillar of cutting-edge technological applications. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations are the theoretical methods of choice to understand and design perovskite materials. However, tests on the reliability of DFT to describe fundamental properties of oxide perovskites are scarce and mostly ill-defined due to a lack of rigorous theoretical benchmarks for solids. Here, we present a quantum Monte Carlo benchmark study of DFT on the archetypal perovskite BaTiO$_{3}$ (BTO). It shows that no DFT approximation can simultaneously reproduce the energy, struc…
In transition metal perovskites (ABO3) most physical properties are tunable by structural parameters such as the rotation of the BO6 octahedra. Examples include the Néel temperature of orthoferrites, the conductivity of mixed-valence manganites, or the band gap of rare-earth scandates. Since oxides often host large internal electric dipoles and can accommodate heavy elements, they also emerge as prime candidates to display Rashba spin-orbit coupling, through which charge and spin currents may be efficiently interconverted. However, despite a few experimental reports in SrTiO3-based interface s…
We propose a device model that elucidates the role of domain walls in the photovoltaic effect in multi-domain ferroelectric perovskites. The model accounts for the intricate interplay between ferroelectric polarization, space charges, photo-generation and electronic transport. When applied to bismuth ferrite, results show a significant electric potential step across both 71-degree and 109-degree domain walls, which in turn contributes to the photovoltaic (PV) effect. We also find a strong correlation between polarization and oxygen octahedra tilts, which indicates the nontrivial role of the la…
Oxide materials exhibit several novel structural, magnetic, and electronic properties. Their stability under ambient conditions, easy synthesis, and high transition temperatures provide such systems with an ideal ground for realizing topological properties and real-life technological applications. However, experimental evidence of topological states in oxide materials is rare. In this study, we have synthesized single crystals of oxide double perovskite Sr2FeMoO6 and revealed its topological nature by investigating its structural, magnetic, and electronic properties. We observed that the syste…
The momentum-dependent Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-splitting has gained much attention for its highly promising applications in spintronics. In the present work, ab initio density functional theory calculations are performed to study the spin-splitting effect in ferroelectric oxide perovskite KIO3. Our calculations are additionally supported by symmetry adapted two-band k.p Hamiltonian. Non-negligible spin-splitting effect is observed at conduction band minimum (CBm) and valence band maximum (VBM) for rhombohedral R3m and R3c phases. Linear Rashba terms successfully explain the splitting at VB…
A family of magnetic halide double perovskites (HDPs) have recently attracted attention due to their potential to broaden application areas of halide double perovskites into e.g. spintronics. Up to date the theoretical modelling of these systems have relied on primitive approximations to the density functional theory (DFT). In this paper, we study structural, electronic and magnetic properties of the Fe$^{3+}$-containing HDPs Cs$_2$AgFeCl$_6$ and Cs$_2$NaFeCl$_6$ using a combination of more advanced DFT-based methods, including DFT+U, hybrid-DFT and treatments of various magnetic states. We ex…
Mixed oxides derived from the perovskite structure by combination of A- and B-site elements and by partial substitution of oxygen provide an immense playground of physico-chemical properties. Here, we account for own research conducted at the Paul Scherrer Institute on perovskite-type oxides and oxynitrides used in electrochemical, photo(electro)chemical and catalytic processes aiming at facing energy relevant issues.
We investigate the formation of self-trapped holes (STH) in three prototypical perovskites (SrTiO3, BaTiO3, PbTiO3) using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations with local potentials and hybrid functionals. First we construct a local correction potential for polaronic configurations in SrTiO3 that is applied via the DFT+U method and matches the forces from hybrid calculations. We then use the DFT+U potential to search the configuration space and locate the lowest energy STH configuration. It is demonstrated that both the DFT+U potential and the hybrid functional yield a …
Perovskite materials have become ubiquitous in many technologically relevant applications, ranging from catalysts in solid oxide fuel cells to light absorbing layers in solar photovoltaics. The thermodynamic phase stability is a key parameter that broadly governs whether the material is expected to be synthesizable, and whether it may degrade under certain operating conditions. Phase stability can be calculated using Density Functional Theory (DFT), but the significant computational cost makes such calculation potentially prohibitive when screening large numbers of possible compounds. In this …
Recent realizations of ultrathin freestanding perovskite oxides offer a unique platform to probe novel properties in two-dimensional oxides. Here, we observed a giant flexoelectric response in freestanding BiFeO3 and SrTiO3 in their bent state arising from strain gradients up to 4x10e7/m, suggesting a promising approach for realizing extremely large polarizations. Additionally, a substantial reversible change in thickness was discovered in bent freestanding BiFeO3, which implies an unusual bending-expansion/shrinkage and thickness-dependence Poisson's ratios in this ferroelectric membrane that…
Spin-phonon interactions are central to many interesting phenomena, ranging from superconductivity to magnetoelectric effects. Yet, they are believed to have a negligible influence on the structural behavior of most materials. For example, magnetic perovskite oxides often undergo structural transitions accompanied by magnetic signatures whose minuteness suggests that the underlying spin-phonon couplings are largely irrelevant. Here we present an exception to this rule, showing that novel effects can occur as a consequence. Our first-principles calculations reveal that spin-phonon interactions …
Backward Mapping from Device Targets to Chemical Genomes for Interpretable Discovery of Phase-Stable Lead-Free Double Perovskites with DFT-Validated Design Rules
RAI Initiative Ltd（RAI倡议有限公司）；Bangladesh University of Textiles（孟加拉国纺织大学）；Universiti Putra Malaysia（马来西亚博特拉大学）；Institute of Science Tokyo（东京科学研究所）；University of Liege（列日大学）
Oxide electronics relies on the availability of epitaxial oxide thin films. The extreme flexibility of the chemical composition of ABO3 perovskites and the broad spectrum of properties they cover, inspire the creativity of scientists and place perovskites in the lead of functional materials for advanced technologies. Moreover, emerging properties are being discovered at interfaces between distinct perovskites that could not be anticipated on the basis of those of the adjacent epitaxial layers. All dreamed new prospects require the use of suitable substrates for epitaxial growth. Perovskite sin…
Using density functional theory (DFT)-based calculations, we propose a family of metastable, as-yet unmade V5+ and Cr6+ double perovskite compounds with low band gaps spanning much of the visible region of the solar spectrum. Through analysis of a related set of measured optical gaps of d0 ABO3 perovskites and A2B'BO6 double perovskites, an ad hoc procedure is developed to correct DFT and many-body perturbation theory gaps, bringing them into quantitative agreement with experiment for measured compounds, and predicting that V5+ and Cr6+ double perovskites would have gaps ranging from approxima…
We used first-principles calculations to investigate the existence and origin of the ferroelectric in- stability in the ABF3 fluoro-perovskites. We find that many fluoro-perovskites have a ferroelectric instability in their high symmetry cubic structure, which is of similar amplitude to that commonly found in oxide perovskites. In contrast to the oxides, however, the fluorides have nominal Born effective charges, indicating a different mechanism for the instability. We show that the instability originates from ionic size effects, and is therefore in most cases largely insensitive to pressure a…
We investigate the structure--property relationships in $AB$O$_3$ perovskites exhibiting octahedral rotations and cooperative octahedral breathing distortions (CBD) using group theoretical methods. Rotations of octahedra are ubiquitous in the perovskite family, while the appearance of breathing distortions -- oxygen displacement patterns that lead to approximately uniform dilation and contraction of the $B$O$_6$ octahedra -- are rarer in compositions with a single, chemically unique $B$-site. The presence of a CBD relies on electronic instabilities of the $B$-site cations, either orbital degen…
Using finite-temperature phonon calculations and the Lyddane-Sachs-Teller relations, we calculate ab initio the static dielectric constants of 78 semiconducting oxides and fluorides with cubic perovskite structures at 1000 K. We first compare our method with experimental measurements, and we find that it succeeds in describing the temperature dependence and the relative ordering of the static dielectric constant $ε_{DC}$ in the series of oxides BaTiO$_{3}$, SrTiO$_{3}$, KTaO$_{3}$. We show that the effects of anharmonicity on the ion-clamped dielectric constant, on Born charges, and on phonon …
Our first-principles results show that geometric frustration can be induced in thin films of multiferroic BiFeO3. We find that competing magnetic interactions occur in the so-called super-tetragonal phase of this material, which can be grown on strongly-compressive substrates. We show that the frustration level can be tuned by appropriately choosing the substrate; in fact, the three-dimensional spin order gets totally annihilated in a narrow range of epitaxial strains. We argue that the effects revealed here are not exclusive to BiFeO3, and predict that they also occur in multiferroic BiCoO3.
Based on genetic evolution algorithm, universal structure predictor USPEX assists to explore the most stable structure from Na+ substituting Ca2+ under variable concentration, for p type transparent conductive oxide application. The study finds 2 atoms of NaCa maintain the octahedral packing and cubic phase without the presence of oxygen vacancy, but the electron loss causes in fermi level entering into valence band, realizing p type TCOs character. While others still remain insulator character due to the compensation of oxygen vacancy. Applying Al3+ substituting Ca2+ achieve the fermi level i…
Magnetic insulators with strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) play a key role in exploring pure spin current phenomena and developing ultralow-dissipation spintronic devices, thereby it is highly desirable to develop new material platforms. Here we report epitaxial growth of La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 (LSMO)-SrIrO3 (SIO) composite oxide films (LSMIO) with different crystalline orientations fabricated by sequential two-target ablation process using pulsed laser deposition. The LSMIO films exhibit high crystalline quality with homogeneous mixture of LSMO and SIO at atomic level. Ferrimagnetic and …
