Vishnu Viswanathan, Erwan Mazarico, Stephen Merkowitz, James G. Williams, Slava G. Turyshev, Douglas G. Currie, Anton I. Ermakov, Nicolas Rambaux, Agnès Fienga,… 展开作者
Vishnu Viswanathan, Erwan Mazarico, Stephen Merkowitz, James G. Williams, Slava G. Turyshev, Douglas G. Currie, Anton I. Ermakov, Nicolas Rambaux, Agnès Fienga, Clément Courde, Julien Chabé, Jean-Marie Torre, Adrien Bourgoin, Ulrich Schreiber, Thomas M. Eubanks, Chensheng Wu, Daniele Dequal, Simone Dell'Agnello, Liliane Biskupek, Jürgen Müller, Sergei Kopeikin
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8 pages, 1 figure, A white paper submitted to the Committee on the Planetary Science Decadal Survey (2023-2032) of The National Academies of Sciences
The Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) experiment has accumulated 50 years of range data of improving accuracy from ground stations to the laser retroreflector arrays (LRAs) on the lunar surface. The upcoming decade offers several opportunities to break new ground in data precision through the deployment of the next generation of single corner-cube lunar retroreflectors and active laser transponders. This is likely to expand the LLR station network. Lunar dynamical models and analysis tools have the potential to improve and fully exploit the long temporal baseline and precision allowed by millimetric LLR data. Some of the model limitations are outlined for future efforts. Differential observation techniques will help mitigate some of the primary limiting factors and reach unprecedented accuracy. Such observations and techniques may enable the detection of several subtle signatures required to understand the dynamics of the Earth-Moon system and the deep lunar interior. LLR model improvements would impact multi-disciplinary fields that include lunar and planetary science, Earth science, fundamental physics, celestial mechanics and ephemerides.
FARSIDE: A Low Radio Frequency Interferometric Array on the Lunar Farside
FARSIDE（Farside Array for Radio Science Investigations of the Dark ages and Exoplanets）是一个探测器级的概念，用于在月球背面放置低射频干涉阵列。NASA资助的一项设计研究，重点是仪器，部署漫游车，着陆器和基站，提供了一个与探测器任务要求大致一致的架构。这种概念架构由128个双极化天线组成，由一个漫游者部署在10公里的区域内，并连接到一个基站，用于中央处理，电力和数据传输到月球网关。FARSIDE将提供每分钟在1400个频道中对整个天空进行成像的能力，这些频道的频率从100千赫到40兆赫不等，比地面射电天文学可以使用的波段低两个数量级。月球背面可以同时提供对地面射频干扰、极光千米辐射和来自太阳风的等离子体噪声的隔离。这将使得在寻找日冕物质抛射和高能粒子事件的无线电特征时能够对最近的恒星系统进行近乎连续的监测，并且还将探测最近的候选可居住系外行星的磁层。同时，FARSIDE将被用来描述我们太阳系中类似的活动，从太阳到外行星，包括假设的第九行星。通过轨道信标的精确校准和精致的前景表征，FARSIDE还将测量红移z=50-100的黑暗时代全球21厘米信号。FARSIDE提供的独特观测窗口将使更多的科学从探测月球表面到表征太阳系附近的星际介质。
