倾斜角锥反射器阵列对月球激光测距影响的分析
Analysis of the Effect of Tilted Corner Cube Reflector Arrays on Lunar Laser Ranging
AI总结：
本文通过理论建模、仿真与地面实验，研究角锥反射器阵列倾斜对月球激光测距随机误差的影响，提出提取部分回波信号处理的方法，将单次测距精度从32.24毫米提升至2.52毫米。
摘要：
本文主要研究角锥反射器（CCR）阵列的倾斜对月球激光测距（LLR）的影响。建立了数学模型来研究由CCR阵列倾斜引起的随机误差。研究发现，在理想情况下，当激光测距脉冲宽度为10皮秒或更小时，可以区分回波信号中每个峰值源自CCR阵列内的哪些特定角锥反射器。因此，可以提取回波的部分数据进行信号处理，显著减少随机误差并提高LLR的单次测量精度。通过提取部分回波获得的距离可以归算到阵列的中心位置，从而为每次测量提供多个更高精度的测距结果。这不仅提高了LLR的精度，还增加了数据量。基于云南天文台1.2米激光测距系统进行了仿真实验。通过提取一个峰值进行信号处理，单次测量精度从32.24毫米提高到2.52毫米，验证了理论分析结果。最后，建立了一套基于53厘米双筒望远镜系统的实验激光测距系统用于地面实验。实验结果表明，回波信号能够识别CCR阵列的倾斜状态。通过提取中央CCR返回的峰值进行信号处理，测距精度得到了大幅提高。通过理论分析、仿真实验和地面实验，提供了减少由CCR阵列倾斜引起的随机误差的解决方案。这为未来提高LLR的单次测量精度提供了一种途径，并为未来激光测距站升级地面设备提供了参考。
英文摘要：
This paper primarily investigates the effect of the tilt of corner cube reflector (CCR) arrays on lunar laser ranging (LLR). A mathematical model was established to study the random errors caused by the tilt of the CCR arrays. The study found that, ideally, when the laser ranging pulse width is 10 picoseconds or less, it is possible to distinguish from which specific corner cubes within the CCR array each peak in the echo signal originates. Consequently, partial data from the echo can be extracted for signal processing, significantly reducing random errors and improving the single-shot precision of LLR. The distance obtained by extracting part of the echo can be reduced to the center position of the array, thereby providing multiple higher-precision ranging results from each measurement. This not only improves the precision of LLR but also increases the data volume. A simulation experiment based on the 1.2 m laser ranging system at Yunnan Observatories was conducted. By extracting one peak for signal processing, the single-shot precision improved from 32.24 mm to 2.52 mm, validating the theoretical analysis results. Finally, an experimental laser ranging system based on a 53 cm binocular telescope system was established for ground experiments. The experimental results indicated that the echo signal could identify the tilt state of the CCR array. By extracting the peak returned by the central CCR for signal processing, the ranging precision was greatly improved. Through theoretical analyses, simulation experiments, and ground experiments, a solution to reduce the random errors caused by the tilt of the CCR array was provided. This offers an approach to enhance the single-shot precision of future LLR and provides a reference for upgrading ground-based equipment at future laser ranging stations.
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