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arXiv 2008.09580astro-ph.SR
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太阳风膨胀和非平衡电离对日冕发射线展宽的影响

The Effect of Solar Wind Expansion and Non-Equilibrium Ionization on the Broadening of Coronal Emission Lines

Chris R. Gilly, Steven R. Cranmer

摘要:

当在光学薄的日冕中观测谱线时,视线(LOS)效应会强烈影响数据的解释,特别是在临边上方的区域。我们提出了一个半经验的前向模型,称为鬼,来描述这些影响。GHOSTS使用其他几个模型的输入来计算许多离子的非平衡电离状态(包括太阳风冻结效应)。这些被用来生成模拟的谱线的合奏,详细检查,重点是:(1)来自观测量和观测量的径向变化的量之间的关系,(2)线宽的热和非热分量的行为,以及(3)碰撞激发和辐射散射光子的相对贡献。我们发现,快速变化的温度在低电晕可以导致离子种群随高度变化显着。这可能导致线宽测量随高度恒定(“平台”效应),即使当温度快速增加时,因为天空平面变得真空,前景/背景等离子体占主导地位。我们发现,LOS效应往往驱动的速度宽度接近天空的风速值,尽管它垂直于LOS流动。高原效应还可使谱线宽度的非热分量大大超过观测高度处的太阳风速度。最后,我们研究了有多少LOS是重要的观测,包括连续的太阳光谱计算辐射散射发射时的重要性。

英文摘要:

When observing spectral lines in the optically-thin corona, line-of-sight (LOS) effects can strongly affect the interpretation of the data, especially in regions just above the limb. We present a semi-empirical forward model, called GHOSTS, to characterize these effects. GHOSTS uses inputs from several other models to compute non-equilibrium ionization states (which include the solar-wind freezing-in effect) for many ions. These are used to generate ensembles of simulated spectral lines that are examined in detail, with emphasis on: (1) relationships between quantities derived from observables and the radial variation of the observed quantities, (2) the behavior of thermal and non-thermal components of the line width, and (3) relative contributions of collisionally excited and radiatively scattered photons. We find that rapidly changing temperatures in the low corona can cause ion populations to vary dramatically with height. This can lead to line-width measurements that are constant with height (a "plateau" effect) even when the temperature is increasing rapidly, as the plane-of-sky becomes evacuated and the foreground/background plasma dominates the observation. We find that LOS effects often drive the velocity width to be close to the plane-of-sky value of the wind speed, despite it flowing perpendicularly to the LOS there. The plateau effect can also cause the non-thermal component of the line width to greatly exceed the solar wind velocity at the observation height. Lastly, we study how much of the LOS is significant to the observation, and the importance of including continuum in the solar spectrum when computing the radiatively scattered emission.

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