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arXiv 1805.03211astro-ph.SR
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日冕中Fe ~(10+)和Fe ~(13+)冻结距离的首次经验测定

First Empirical Determination of the Fe 10+ and Fe 13+ Freeze-in Distances in the Solar Corona

Benjamin Boe, Shadia Habbal, Miloslav Druckmuller, Enrico Landi, Ehsan Kourkchi, Adalbert Ding, Pavel Starha, Joseph Hutton

摘要:

重离子是物理过程的标志,这些物理过程负责定义日冕形状的整个精细尺度磁结构的密度和温度分布。它们的特性之一是“冻结”距离(Rf),在那里它们达到固定的电离状态,在太阳风的作用下膨胀。我们提出了Fe 10+和Fe 13+的Rf的第一个经验推断,这些推断来自于2015年3月20日日全食期间获得的相应FeXI(Fe 10+)789.2 nm和FeXIV(Fe 13+)530.3 nm发射的多波长成像观测。我们发现,这两个离子冻结在不同的日心距离。在极冕洞中,Fe 10+的Rf约为1.45 Rs,Fe 13+的Rf低于1.25 Rs。沿着流光区域中的开路场线,Rf对于Fe 10+为1.4至2 Rs,对于Fe 13+为1.5至2.2 Rs。这些第一个经验Rf值:(1)反映了冕洞和流光之间的不同等离子体参数以及它们内部的结构,包括日冕物质抛射和日冕物质抛射(CME);(2)远低于目前引用的经验模型研究得出的值;(3)对基于电离平衡超过1.2 Rs的假设的等离子体诊断的可靠性产生怀疑。

英文摘要:

Heavy ions are markers of the physical processes responsible for the density and temperature distribution throughout the fine scale magnetic structures that define the shape of the solar corona. One of their properties, whose empirical determination has remained elusive, is the 'freeze-in' distance (Rf) where they reach fixed ionization states that are adhered to during their expansion with the solar wind. We present the first empirical inference of Rf for Fe10+ and Fe13+ derived from multi-wavelength imaging observations of the corresponding FeXI (Fe10+) 789.2 nm and FeXIV (Fe13+) 530.3 nm emission acquired during the 2015 March 20 total solar eclipse. We find that the two ions freeze-in at different heliocentric distances. In polar coronal holes Rf is around 1.45 Rs for Fe10+ and below 1.25 Rs for Fe13+. Along open field lines in streamer regions Rf ranges from 1.4 to 2 Rs for Fe10+ and from 1.5 to 2.2 Rs for Fe13+. These first empirical Rf values: (1) reflect the differing plasma parameters between coronal holes and streamers and structures within them, including prominences and Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs); (2) are well below the currently quoted values derived from empirical model studies; and (3) place doubt on the reliability of plasma diagnostics based on the assumption of ionization equilibrium beyond 1.2 Rs.

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