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arXiv 2310.00295astro-ph.SR
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Alfvén波加热日冕中Li-和Na-like离子的异常发射

Anomalous emission from Li- and Na-like ions in the Corona heated via Alfvén wave

Takuma Matsumoto

AI总结:

本研究通过数值模拟Alfvén波加热日冕环中的非平衡电离,发现Li-和Na-like离子在蒸发阶段过度分馏导致强度增强达1.6倍,为日冕加热模型提供观测基准。

摘要:

太阳紫外光谱中来自Li-和Na-like离子的谱线强度已被观测到超过基于日冕近似等离子体的预期。日冕近似的违背可部分归因于过渡区附近动态过程导致的非平衡电离(NEI)。为了研究这些动力学在Alfvén波加热的日冕环中的影响,我们数值求解了描述多种离子物种NEI的方程组,并与1.5维磁流体动力学方程耦合。从光球层注入Alfvén波后,系统经历蒸发、凝聚和准稳态等阶段的时间演化。在蒸发阶段,Li-和Na-like离子的电离分数相较于电离平衡时的分数有所增加,导致强度增强最高达1.6倍。这种Li-和Na-like离子的过度分馏被发现是由蒸发过程引起的。虽然激波与过渡区的碰撞暂时导致偏离电离平衡,但平均而言,这些偏离可忽略不计。相反,在凝聚阶段和准稳态期间,电离分数的不足分馏导致强度降低至0.9倍。鉴于过度/不足分馏依赖于色球与日冕之间的质量循环,这些观测将作为有价值的基准,不仅用于验证Alfvén波模型,还可验证其他现有的日冕加热机制。

英文摘要:

The solar ultraviolet intensities of spectral lines originating from Li- and Na-like ions have been observed to surpass the expectations derived from plasmas with coronal approximation. The violation of the coronal approximation can be partially attributed to non-equilibrium ionization (NEI) due to dynamic processes occurring in the vicinity of the transition region. To investigate the impact of these dynamics in Alfvén-wave-heated coronal loop, a set of equations governing NEI for multiple ion species was solved numerically in conjunction with 1.5-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic equations. Following the injection of Alfvén waves from the photosphere, the system undergoes a time evolution characterized by phases of evaporation, condensation, and quasi-steady states. During the evaporation phase, the ionization fractions of Li- and Na-like ions were observed to increase when compared to the fractions in ionization equilibrium, which lead to the intensity enhancement of up to 1.6. This over-fractionation of Li- and Na-like ions was found to be induced by the evaporation process. While collisions between shocks and the transition region temporarily led to deviations from ionization equilibrium, on average over time, these deviations were negligible. Conversely, under-fractions of the ionization fraction led to intensity reduction of down to 0.9 during the condensation phase and the quasi-steady state. Given the dependency of the over/under-fractionation on mass circulations between the chromosphere and the corona, these observations will serve as valuable benchmarks to validate not only Alfvén wave models but also other existing mechanisms on coronal heating.

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