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arXiv 2008.09091stat.MEstat.AP
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球形颗粒粒度分布参数的极大似然估计及其在小样本下的应用

Maximum likelihood estimation of parameters of spherical particle size distributions from profile size measurements and its application for small samples

Ekaterina Poliakova

摘要:

显微镜研究往往需要恢复颗粒尺寸分布在三维从只有几个(10 - 200)剖面测量。这个问题是特别相关的岩相学和矿物学研究,其中参数假设是合理的,并找到分布参数的微观研究的小部分是必不可少的。本文讨论了粒子近似为球形的特殊情况(即Wicksell问题)。本文提出了一种新的近似的概率密度的球形颗粒的轮廓尺寸。这种近似使用矿物颗粒的实际非光滑性,而不是完美的球体。新的近似有利于数值上有效地使用的极大似然方法,一般强大的方法,提供了分布参数估计的最小方差在大多数实际情况下。最大似然法估计的方差和偏差进行了数值比较的几个典型的粒度分布与替代参数的方法(矩量法和最小距离估计),和极大似然估计被认为是更可取的小样本和大样本。极大似然法和建议的近似法也可用于选择模型,用于使用所有分布图(无随机抽样)构建分布参数的窄置信区间,以及用于包括由截面边界覆盖的分布图的测量值。该方法的实用性说明使用一个例子,从冰川冰岩相学。

英文摘要:

Microscopy research often requires recovering particle-size distributions in three dimensions from only a few (10 - 200) profile measurements in the section. This problem is especially relevant for petrographic and mineralogical studies, where parametric assumptions are reasonable and finding distribution parameters from the microscopic study of small sections is essential. This paper deals with the specific case where particles are approximately spherical (i.e. Wicksell's problem). The paper presents a novel approximation of the probability density of spherical particle profile sizes. This approximation uses the actual non-smoothness of mineral particles rather than perfect spheres. The new approximation facilitates the numerically efficient use of the maximum likelihood method, a generally powerful method that provides the distribution parameter estimates of the minimal variance in most practical cases. The variance and bias of the estimates by the maximum likelihood method were compared numerically for several typical particle-size distributions with those by alternative parametric methods (method of moments and minimum distance estimation), and the maximum likelihood estimation was found to be preferable for both small and large samples. The maximum likelihood method, along with the suggested approximation, may also be used for selecting a model, for constructing narrow confidence intervals for distribution parameters using all the profiles without random sampling and for including the measurements of the profiles intersected by section boundaries. The utility of the approach is illustrated using an example from glacier ice petrography.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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