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arXiv 2008.07444quant-phphysics.optics
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频率仓量子比特的完全任意控制

Fully Arbitrary Control of Frequency-Bin Qubits

Hsuan-Hao Lu, Emma M. Simmerman, Pavel Lougovski, Andrew M. Weiner, Joseph M. Lukens

摘要:

二能级系统的精确控制是量子力学中一个长期存在的问题。一个这样的量子系统是频率仓量子比特:一个光子存在于两个离散频率模式的叠加中。%,并且是可扩展的、光纤兼容的量子信息处理的潜在构建块。在这项工作中,我们首次展示了量子频率处理器中频率仓量子比特的完全任意控制。我们数值上建立了电光相位调制器和脉冲整形器的多种配置的最佳设置,实验确认所有基本旋转的近统一模式变换保真度。在单光子水平的性能是通过一个单一的频率仓量子比特的旋转到41个点遍布整个布洛赫球,以及跟踪的状态路径,然后输出的可调频率分束器,与贝叶斯断层扫描确认所有情况下的状态相似性$\mathcal{F}_ρ>0.98$。这种高保真变换扩展了量子通信中频率编码的实际潜力,在一般量子比特操作中提供了卓越的精度和低噪声。

英文摘要:

Accurate control of two-level systems is a longstanding problem in quantum mechanics. One such quantum system is the frequency-bin qubit: a single photon existing in superposition of two discrete frequency modes. %and a potential building block for scalable, fiber-compatible quantum information processing. In this work, we demonstrate fully arbitrary control of frequency-bin qubits in a quantum frequency processor for the first time. We numerically establish optimal settings for multiple configurations of electro-optic phase modulators and pulse shapers, experimentally confirming near-unity mode-transformation fidelity for all fundamental rotations. Performance at the single-photon level is validated through the rotation of a single frequency-bin qubit to 41 points spread over the entire Bloch sphere, as well as tracking of the state path followed by the output of a tunable frequency beamsplitter, with Bayesian tomography confirming state fidelities $\mathcal{F}_ρ>0.98$ for all cases. Such high-fidelity transformations expand the practical potential of frequency encoding in quantum communications, offering exceptional precision and low noise in general qubit manipulation.

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