通过最佳辐射冷却实现最大夜间发电
Maximal nighttime electrical power generation via optimal radiative cooling
摘要：
提出了一种利用辐射制冷的夜间温差发电系统的系统优化方法。我们表明，超过2 W/m2的电功率密度，比以前报道的实验结果高两个数量级，使用现有技术是可以实现的。该系统结合了辐射冷却和热电发电，并在夜间太阳能收集不可用时运行。热电发电机（TEG）本身在实现这种最佳发电时覆盖不到系统占地面积的1%，显示出经济可行性。研究了发射率谱、热对流、热电优值以及TEG与辐射冷却器面积比对发电性能的影响。我们优化了附在冷侧的热辐射发射器，并提出了实际的材料实现。最佳发射器的重要性是阐明了153%的增益相比，常规黑体发射器的功率密度。
英文摘要：
We present a systematic optimization of nighttime thermoelectric power generation system utilizing radiative cooling. We show that an electrical power density over 2 W/m2, two orders of magnitude higher than the previously reported experimental result, is achievable using existing technologies. This system combines radiative cooling and thermoelectric power generation and operates at night when solar energy harvesting is unavailable. The thermoelectric power generator (TEG) itself covers less than 1 percent of the system footprint area when achieving this optimal power generation, showing economic feasibility. We study the influence of emissivity spectra, thermal convection, thermoelectric figure of merit and the area ratio between the TEG and the radiative cooler on the power generation performance. We optimize the thermal radiation emitter attached to the cold side and propose practical material implementation. The importance of the optimal emitter is elucidated by the gain of 153% in power density compared to regular blackbody emitters.
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